stronger its attraction to other polar molecules will be. The next two alcohols were ethanol and propanol which followed the predicted pattern at 13.2 ºC and 5.3 ºC respectively. Butanol had the smallest change in temperature‚ 2.5 ºC which indicates much less evaporation. This leads to believe that butanol has the strongest intermolecular forces of the 4 alcohols tested. This is supported by the fact that butanol is the largest of the four‚ and has the most electrons‚ and therefore is the most polarizable
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they are polar or nonpolar‚ as well as which molecule has the strongest intermolecular forces. We then determine that either Butanol or Pentane would evaporate the quickest because they were similar in structure but they differed due to Butanol having five carbon molecules and also an oxygen molecule where Pentane has only four carbons and no oxygen molecules. Meaning Butanol has more hydrogen bonding to break apart. The next week‚ we then were given seven different types of substance to start this
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molecular size and mass. When the equations for combustion of these alcohols are listed in the order of increasing number of carbon atoms‚ Methanol 1 CH3OH(l) + 3/2 O2(g) ⋄ 1 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) Ethanol 1 C2H5OH(l) + 3 O2(g) ⋄ 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l) Propanol 1 C3H7OH(l) + 9/2 O2(g) ⋄ 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l) Butanol 1 C4H9OH(l) + 6 O2(g) ⋄ 4 CO2(g) + 5 H2O(l) Pentanol 1 C5H11OH(l) + 15/2 O2(g) ⋄ 5 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l) The number of CO2 molecule increases in a linear fashion‚ as well as H2O. In the formation
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I am going to investigate the enthalpy change of combustion for the alcohol homologous series. I will investigate how alcohols with increasing number of carbons affect the enthalpy change when an alcohol goes under combustion. The energy that alcohols release when being used is called the enthalpy change of combustion. This is defined as "Standard enthalpy change of combustion‚ is the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance burns completely in oxygen under standard conditions (298K‚ 100 KPa
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Other Important Topics in Column Design Outline Sub-Flowsheets Thermodynamic model (Fluid Package) selection Solver selection Sub-flowsheets HYSYS has a multi-flowsheet architecture. A big flowsheet can be split up into smaller sub-flowsheets. Each sub-flowsheet has its own streams‚ operations‚ PFD and an independent fluid package. The column in HYSYS is a sub-flowsheet where independent operations are possible H83 PS1/H84 CFL Templates A template
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the following: What is the quantity and concentration of the combustion that is released and how can that be measured in other (more coherent) means? These are the fuels that were seasoned throughout the experiment: * Butanol (C4H10O) * Ethanol (C2H5OH) * Propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) * Methanol (CH3OH) * Pentanol (C5H11OH) Costs; they’re always a problem or a benefit. And when they are a problem‚ they must be dealt with accordingly. Fuel is a common problem associated with money‚
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hydrochloric acid. Q6. Explain why the solution became milky white in appearance after adding 11 M HCl(aq) to the tertiary butyl alcohol. Q7. A student is given two alcohols with which to perform Lucas Test. These are cyclohexanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol. The bottles containing each alcohol are labelled‚ but the propettes used are not. The student accidentally muddles the propettes. When drops of each alcohol are mixed with Lucas. Reagent and kept at 27 °C‚ both solutions become turbid. How can the
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or to provide heat to industries and homes. BIOFUELS "Biofuels" typically refer to fluid transportation fuels like ethanol‚ biogas and biodiesel that are made from biomass materials – but can include prepared solid biomass fuels. These fuels are: Often blended with the petroleum fuels - gasoline and diesel fuel‚ but they can also be used on their own. o Using ethanol or biodiesel means we don’t burn quite as much fossil fuel. Often more expensive than the fossil fuels that they
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Alkanols Heat of Combustion Aim: To determine the molar heat of combustion of methanol‚ ethanol and 1-propanol Materials: 3 spirit burners‚ one containing methanol‚ one containing ethanol and one containing 1-propanol. A thermometer A copper calorimeter 100 ml measuring cylinder Retort stand and clamps Stopwatch Matches Electronic balance Safety assessment: This experiment contains flammable materials remove loose clothing such as ties which could be set alight
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Fuels Investigation Aim: To find out which fuel gives out the most energy. Planning We will be using 6 different fuels to heat up 100ml of water‚ and find out the changes of the temperature. We will measure the temperatures of the water before and after the experiment. We will burn heat the water for exactly 2 minutes‚ and check the changes in temperature. The change in temperature will allow us to work out the energy given off the fuel by using this formula: Mass of water x 4.2 (water’s specific
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