absorbance. This experiment incorporated Beer’s Law and is focused on determining the stress that various alcohols have on biological membranes. Using five solutions of differing alcohol concentration for each of the three alcohols; methanol‚ ethanol‚ and 1-propanol and a small slice of beet‚ the stirred solution was placed into a plastic cuvette and then into a spectrophotometer and the absorbance of alcohol solutions were determined in order to conclude which alcohol and concentration of alcohol had
Premium Cell membrane Alcohol Ethanol
that is made from living things or their products. Biobutanol‚ a four-carbon alcohol‚ is a type of biofuel. It has a higher energy than ethanol and can be used in vehicles without them needing modifications to their engines (1). Biobutanol is related to photosynthesis because the biobutanol can come from plants of biomass feedstocks‚ hence the name‚ biomass butanol (2). Biomass feedstocks are the plant matter that fuels are derived from. Biobutanol can be‚ in its first and simplest form‚ a plant that
Premium Petroleum Carbon dioxide Fossil fuel
methanol‚ ethanol‚ propanol‚ ethylene glycol‚ diethylene glycol‚ and triethylene glycol‚ and the mean hemolysis times can be seen below in Figure 1. The mean hemolysis time for urea was 11.90 seconds (±2.65 sec‚ n = 11). Thiourea took an average of 92.72 seconds (±12.41 sec‚ n = 11) to hemolyze 75% of erythrocytes‚ while methanol took 9.19 seconds (± 1.66 sec‚ n = 11). The black line was seen through
Premium Diffusion Chemistry Osmosis
mixture of ethanol and 1-butanol. in theory the fractional distillation should be more efficient because of the steel sponge. The sponge acted as surface area for gas to condense on. This prevented some of the 1-butanol from condensing into the vial during fraction A because it would condense onto the sponge and drip back down into the flask. The boiling point of 1-butanol is higher than the boiling point of ethanol‚ so the cooler surface of the sponge helped condense 1-butanol‚ but the ethanol still
Premium Distillation Boiling point
Dissertaition journals: Catalytic Conversion of Ethanol into an Advanced Biofuel: Unprecedented Selectivity for n-Butanol† Comparative exergy analysis of direct alcohol fuel cells using fuel mixtures Performance and fuel conversion efficiency of a spark ignition engine fueled with iso-butanol Performance of direct alcohol fuel cells fed with mixed methanol/ethanol solutions Bio-ethanol – the fuel of tomorrow from the residues of today Web of science: The effect of different alcohol
Premium Internal combustion engine Biofuel Petroleum
you about ½ of the money that you used to fill your car with gasoline to fill your car with hydrogen. * Better than other fuels: Hydrogen VS Ethanol: * Ethanol releases CO2 while hydrogen releases water vapor * Ethanol competes with the food producers(corn in the US‚ sugar cane in Brazil)and hydrogen doesn’t compete with anyone. * Ethanol is inefficient to produce while hydrogen is efficient. Hydrogen VS biodiesel: * Biodiesel solidifies in cold temperatures and it is harder
Premium Hydrogen vehicle Fuel cell Electrolysis
Analysis of Alcohols‚ Aldehydes and Ketones Karl Wayne Mancao‚ Raphaell Mordeno‚ Andres Pastrana III*‚ and Shannen Peñaverde Department of Biology‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The proponents have done several tests for identifying alcohols‚ aldehydes and ketones. These tests are Dichromate test‚ Tollens test‚ Lucas test‚ DNPH test and Iodoform test. Three samples got positive result in dichromate test and one in Tollens test. Lucas test got one sample that has
Premium Alcohol Oxygen Aldehyde
Practical 2 Reaction of alkane‚ alkene & alkyne Title: Reaction of Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Objective: To carry out chemical test to differentiate an alkane and an alkene. Apparatus: dropper‚ test tube‚ hot plate Chemical reagents: bromine‚ toluene‚ cyclohexane‚ cyclohexene‚ acidified KMnO4‚ dichloromethane Method A. Bromine test 1.6 clean and dry test tube were taken and were labelled them A until F 2.1ml of dichloromethane were placed into each test tube 3.1 ml of
Premium Alkene Potassium permanganate Alcohol
90 14.98% 2-bromobutane 432.25 78.63% 2-chlorobutane 117.5 21.37% 2-bromo-2-methylpropane 280 37.58% 2-chloro-2-methylpropane 465 62.42% Discussion: 1. In 1-butanol Base on the data table‚ 1-bromobutane dominated the composition of 85.02%‚ which indicates the conclusion that the mechanism for 1-butanol is SN2‚ and bromide is a better nucleophile. The first reason is that the substrate is a primary alcohol. The SN2 reaction is the nucleophilic attack of a central atom which kicks
Premium Alcohol Nucleophile
reactivity of its double bond‚ is readily transformed into many useful products Ethylene‚ because of the high reactivity of its double bond‚ can form many useful products‚ such as plastics (polyethylene). For example‚ ethene can react with water to form ethanol‚ with a H3PO4 catalyst at 300oC. Ethene can react with oxygen in the presence of an Ag catalyst and at 250oC‚ to form ethylene oxide‚ which is further treated with dilute acid solution to form ethylene glycol. Ethene can also react with oxygen‚ with
Free Carbon dioxide Oxygen Electrochemistry