Introduction The VSEPR Theory for this experiment stated that electron group repels against each other and they occupy a lot of space. Scientists use VSEPR Theory to determine the molecule’s geometry by counting the number of electron domains that surround the central atom. Electron domain can be described as a lone pair‚ single‚ double and triple bond‚ and also even free radical. Lone pairs tend to occupy a lot of space and lower the angle of a bond‚ which gives molecular geometry. Lewis
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allowed in the laboratory when any of these are in use. For the experiment I am going to use clamp a tile up at an angle and run different alcohols down it to investigate their velocity’s. The alcohols im going to test are methanol‚ ethanol‚ propanol‚ butanol‚ pentanol‚ hexanol‚ heptanol‚ octanol. Equipment: White tile- to release the liquid on and then time the distance it takes. Stopwatch- to time
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Properties of Alcohols and Phenols Experiment #3 Objectives: To observe the solubility of alcohols relative to their chemical structure‚ to perform chemical tests to distinguish primary‚ secondary and tertiary alcohols‚ and a color test for phenol. Introduction The general formula of an alcohol is ROH in which the R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Alcohols may be looked upon as derivatives of water‚ HOH. One hydrogen of water is substituted by an alkyl group‚ R. Like water‚ alcohols show hydrogen
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The type of alcohol was found to have an affect of the rate of the reaction. Ethanol has the higher reaction rate than n-propanol‚ n-butanol‚ and iso-butanol. Exercise 1: Alcohol Dehydrogenase 4. Table for calculation of [NADH]eq‚ [NAD+]eq‚ [Ethanol]eq Keq={NADH] [Acetaldehyde] / [NAD+] [Ethanol] c=A/ ab a=6.2 mM-1cm-1 [NADH]eq [Acetaldehyde]eq [NAD+]eq [NAD+] [Ethanol] [Ethanol] Keq (mM) (mM) (mM) (mM) (mM) (mM) 1 Blank
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AIM: I am carrying out an investigation to see which alcohol is the best fuel. I will do this by experimenting with different alcohols and setting them alight and measuring different factors. I will analyse all my results and try to discover patterns‚ which should help me to conclude which alcohol is the best fuel. PLAN ==== This is how my experiment will be set out: ========================================== Keeping this experiment a fair test ===================================
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point: 118 ºC Melting point: -89 ºC Tert-Butyl Alcohol Tert-Butyl Alcohol or “2-methyl-2-propanol” is the simplest tertiary alcohol. It is one of the four isomers of butanol. Tert-Butanol is a clear liquid (or a colorless solid‚ depending on the ambient temperature) with a camphor-like odor. It is very soluble in water and miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether. It is unique among the isomers of butanol because it tends to be a solid at room temperature. Formula: C4H10O Boiling point: 82 ºC
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alkenes (C2H4) * Functional group = highly reactive double C=C bond * Readily transformed into many useful compounds ( polyethylene) through addition reactions * Examples: ethylene oxide (CH2)2O -> sterilizer Ethanol (C3COOH) -> solvent Polyethylene (CH2)n -> plastic 1D – identify that ethylene serves as a monomer from which polymers are made * Individual monomers of ethene join by covalent bonds to form long chain polymers 1E
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Reaction with HCL | Reaction with KMnO4 | Butanol | No reaction | Did not mix | 2-Propanol | No reaction | Mixed and the color turned red | 2-Methyl-2-Propanol | Change in color (yellow) | Bubbles and turned pink | Discussion: Butanol: H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH 2-Propanol: H3C-CHOH-CH3 2-Methyl-2-Propanol: 2-Methyl-2-Propanol is only alcohol reacted with HCL 2-Methyl-2-Propanol+HCL=====>2-chloro-2-methylpropane+ H2O
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Contents: Introduction Background Importance of Experiment Aim and Hypothesis Results Discussion Discoveries and Explinations Limitations Applications Conclusion Biography Introduction (482 words) This experiment measures the rate of change and efficiency of different burning alcohols. An alcohol‚ any of a class of organic compounds characterized by one or more hydroxyl (−OH) groups attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group (hydrocarbon chain). Alcohols are among the most common
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Combustion Of Alcohols Planning This investigation involves burning alcohol in the air. Key science- Chemistry by Eileen Ramsden says that " an alcohol is a series of organic‚ homologous compounds‚ with the general formula Cn H2n+1OH". The alcohol reacts with the oxygen in the air to form the products water and carbon dioxide: Cn H2n+1OH +(n+n/2)-1O2 ? nH2O + nCO2 The structure of the molecules in this reaction is: H H | | H - C - C - O- H + 3[O=O] ? 1/2[O=C=O] + 3[H-O-H] | | H H This reaction
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