market margin of any potential option be positive. Marketing Margin = Revenue – Cost=Incremental Volume Generated by Sales Promotion * Price to Retailer -Direct Expenses1 -Indirect Expenses2 =Marketing Margin Change from promotion-Marketing Margin Change from promotion of other products Note: 1. Direct Expenses include Promotional Allowance‚ COGS and Distribution. 2. Indirect Expenses refer to Cannibalization Cost 2. Data. We use past sales and expenses data (Exhibit 1&4) to estimate the marketing
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Observation 4 (language Development) Date of observation: 28/1/2015 Time observation started and finished: 10.30 – 10.45 Number of adults present: 5 and 1 student observer Permission obtained from: playschool supervisor Description of setting: This observation took place in a registered community pre-school‚ the school consists of two rooms‚ one main classroom with the capacity to accommodate 22 children and one smaller that accommodates 8 children‚ the smaller of the two rooms has a sand tray
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Quality Cost 1 Quality is defined from the customer´s point of view l Performance l Performance or the primary operating characteristics of a product or service. Example: For a car‚ it is speed‚ handling‚ and acceleration. For a restaurant‚ it is good food. l Features l Features or the secondary characteristics of a product or service. Example: For a TV‚ it is an automatic tuner. For a restaurant‚ it is linen table cloths and napkins . l Reliability l Reliability
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COST CONCEPTS AND COST ACCOUNTING By: Aman Jawahar Sarika Deepak Muneer CONTENTS Concept of Cost Cost Accounting Terms in Cost Accounting Elements of Cost Meaning of Overheads Classification of Costs Methods of Costing Types of Costing MEANING: Cost Concept: The term ‘cost’ means the amount of expenses [actual or notional] incurred on or attributable to specified thing or activity. Cost means ‘the price paid for something’. Cost Accounting: Cost Accounting is concerned with recording
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Business (UKM-GSB-LHDN) Cost Classification: Government Agency PROBLEM 2-56 The Department of Natural Resources is responsible for maintaining the state’s parks and forest lands‚ stocking the lakes and rivers with fish‚ and generally overseeing the protection of the environment. Several cost incurred by the agency are listed below. For each cost‚ indicate which of the following classifications best describe the cost. More than one classification may apply to the same cost item. The Answers
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1.A company has a profit from operations of £20‚500 for the year ended 31 December 20X2.The depreciation charge for the year is £4000.Profit from operations also includes a loss on disposal of £500 on an item of plant. Revenue £100‚000 Cost of Sales £59‚700 £40‚300 Operating expenses (including Deprn ‚Loss on disposal) £19‚800 Profit from operations £20‚500 Extracts from the statement of financial position as shown below. 20X2 20X1
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Performance of Cement Industry in the Capital Market The cement Industry contributes 3.40% of total market capitalization and 3.13% of total turnover as of DSE December 2011 monthly review. Presently‚ six cement companies are listed in the Dhaka Stock Exchange amongst Lafarge Surma cement has the highest paid-up capital of Tk11‚614m and Aramit Cement Ltd‚ on the other hand‚ has the lowest paid-up capital of Tk154m. In terms of market capitalization‚ Lafarge Surma Cement Limited is the highest contributor
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get lead times down below .5 days and offer customers that lead time to maximize revenue. The difference between remaining at $750/order vs. $1250/order could have been as high as 1.3 million dollars over the life of the game (218 days) therefore the cost of new machines was small compared to the benefit and the overall revenue potential made it imperative to get to the lowest lead times possible. Because all stations were at times operating at full‚ we knew that all would create a bottleneck if left
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Economics of multiplexes in India : A study of the PVR group(2009-11) The revenue generation techniques of the cinema halls have been one of the least explored areas of the communication studies. This essay is an attempt to look at the revenue generation strategies of the PVR Group‚ specifically‚ two halls‚ PVR Plaza and PVR Rivoli‚ located at Connaught Place‚ New Delhi. The financial year 2008-09‚ that is in focus here for the purpose of study‚ was marked as a particularly slow year for the Indian
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interaction between Sales‚ marketing and Top management. Sales Management and financial results Financial Results are another objective of sales management and are closely related and therefore sales management has financial implications as well. Sales – Cost of Sales = Gross Profit Gross Margin – Expenses = Net profit. Thus the variation in Sales will directly affect the Net profit of a company. Hence maintaining and managing sales is important to keep the product / service / organization financially
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