Simple Distillation of Vodka Ancell Julienn C. Cruz Department of Pharmacy‚ Faculty of Pharmacy University of Santo Tomas‚ Espana Street‚ Manila 1008 Date Submitted: July 5‚ 2012 Abstract Distillation is a process of converting a liquid to a vapor‚ and then‚ collecting the distillate in another container. There are four distillation methods which are fractional distillation‚ simple distillation‚ vacuum distillation and steam distillation. The methods used here are fractional and simple
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purify mixtures. There are many kinds of separation techniques that are used in our day to day life‚ such as filtration‚ Centrifuging‚ Decanting‚ fractional distillation and sieving. Each of these methods has their own specific uses in our daily lives which make our chores much easier to carry out. Filtration is one of the most commonly used separation technique in a household. This method uses a funnel outlined by a sieve called the filter to separate the solid “residue” from the liquid “filtrate
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process which consists of a pump‚ a reactor‚ an absorber‚ and a distillation column. The feed consists of 2 chemical components‚ A and B‚ which are fed into the reactor in which the following reactions take place: Reaction 1: Reaction 2: Reaction 3: A + B A 2C → C → D + 2E → D + F Pure F Pure E S4 Components A and B S1 S7 S5 S2 Reactor S6 Pump S3 S8 Absorber Distillation column Pure liquid component E is fed into the absorber‚ in which all of component
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Dehydration of Alcohols Abstract The dehydration of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene can be done through fractional distillation. Once the fraction has been collected it must then be dried. The dried distillate is finally tested to determine whether or not it has been dehydrated. The three tests used were infrared spectroscopy‚ Bromine chemical test and Bayer’s chemical test. The infrared spectroscopy showed a large narrow peak at 3062.12(cm-1) and 3020.71(cm-1) which indicates that there is a double
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1.1.2 Identify the difference between elements‚ compounds and mixtures in terms of particle theory Elements are simplest form substance meaning cannot be decomposed further physically or chemically. They are made up of same type of atoms only e.g. helium‚ oxygen. Compounds are pure and they consist of 2 or more elements bonded chemically (fixed ratio). They can be decomposed chemically. E.g. sodium chloride‚ carbon dioxide Mixtures are the blending (physically combined‚ hence can be separated)
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Samuel Beckett described his Waiting for Godot as a tragicomedy. To what extent is this is an accurate description? Would you say there is more tragedy than comedy or a mixture of both? Through the use of many linguistic‚ structural and comic features‚ Samuel Beckett’s Waiting For Godot successfully places a wayfaring line between the two genres of tragedy and comedy. With the opening showing the two main characters Vladimir (Didi) and Estragon (Gogo) in a barren setting with useless props such as
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paint‚ plastic‚ fuel‚ textiles‚ pesticides‚ dyes‚ explosives‚ etc). Living organisms are nature’s laboratory where many chemical transformations are taking place independently‚ simultaneously and continuously. Hence most organic sample are mixtures of compounds. However‚ the need for identification of these numerous compounds of carbon had led to their division into groups/family based on some of their common features. One of the major questions requiring on answer in organic Chemistry
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Examples of industrial chemical processes include distillation‚ smelting‚ disinfection‚ and Pyro processing. Even today‚ scientists in our industry continue to find‚ develop‚ and create new products with the experimentation of the chemical processes. Without these chemical processes‚ we would probably not be able to live the way we do today. Today‚ distillation is one of the most widely used methods worldwide. Distillation is the separation of mixtures and the removal of all the impurities based on
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components of the Earth contain mixtures Construct word and balanced formulae equations of chemical reactions as they are encountered 1. Build a word equation Reactants on left‚ Products on right 2. Convert word equation into chemical formula for the reactants and products Using valency rules 3. Balance the equation Adjust coefficients to get equal numbers of each kind of atom on each side 4. Specify the physical state for each species present (s) = solid‚ (l) = liquid‚ (g) = gas‚ (aq) = aqueous
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reversible reaction like this‚ the ethanol and ethanoic acid will not be totally converted to ethyl ethanoate but until the equilibrium point‚ so the percentage yield is low. The presence of impure reaction-there may be some impurities in the reaction mixture‚ in this way‚ the yield will be non-stoichiometric. The volatility of product- As the product or ester is always volatile‚ which implies that the volume and the mass of the product obtained would
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