CHEMISTRY OF HYDROCARBON EXPERIMENT 16 OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment is to distinguish the difference between various types of hydrocarbons by performing simple tests and reactions involving hydrocarbons. EQUIPMENT AND CHEMICALS Pentene Toluene Heptane Potassium permanganate (1% KMnO4) Aluminum chloride (anhydrous AlCl3) Chloroform (CHCl3) Ligroin Br2 in CCl4 (5%) Stopper pH paper Small test tubes and rack Graduated cylinder (10 ml) Evaporating dish DISCUSSION
Free Benzene Hydrocarbon Alkene
Chemistry GENERAL CHEMISTRY: Atomic Structure and elementary quantum mechanics: Blackbody radiation‚ Planck’s radiation law‚ photoelectric effect‚ Compton Effect‚ de Broglie’s hypothesis‚ Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Postulates of quantum mechanics‚ Schrodinger wave equation and a particle in a box‚ energy levels‚ wave functions and probability densities‚ Schrodinger wave equation for H-atom‚ Separation of variables‚ Radial and angular functions‚ hydrogen like wave functions‚ quantum numbers
Premium Chemistry Scientific method
They are also a type of materials that have a long and useful history‚ where the earliest material that meets the current definition of IL was observed in the mid-19th century when a separate liquid phase called the “red oil” was observed in Friedel-Crafts reaction [17]. Over the following years‚ there has been a rapid growing of interest in ILs due to the realization that these materials may have greater utility as reaction solvent‚ although they were formerly used for specialized electrochemical
Premium Solvent Water
163 CHAPTER 13 HYDROCARBON Hydrocarbons are composed of Carbon and hydrogen. The important fuels like Petrol‚ kerosene‚ coal gas‚ CNG‚ LPG etc. are all hydrocarbons or their mixture. Sources: Petroleum and natural gas are the major sources of aliphatic hydrocarbon while coal is an important source of aromatic hydrocarbons. The oil trapped inside the rocks is known as petroleum. PETRA – ROCK‚ OLEUM – OIL. The oil in the petroleum field is covered with a gaseous mixture known as natural
Free Benzene Hydrocarbon Alkene
ACID CONSUMPTION AND ACID RUNAWAY IN A SULFURIC ACID ALKYLATION UNIT Presented By Sarah Hoelzle Process Engineer DuPont™ STRATCO® Clean Fuel Technologies 11350 Tomahawk Creek Parkway Suite 200 Leawood‚ KS 66211 September 2007 Copyright 2007 DuPont™ STRATCO® Clean Fuel Technologies Table of Contents Page Number I. ACID CONSUMPTION FUNDAMENTALS.....................................................................1 Figure 1 - Diluent Production vs. Acid Strength- 40/60 C3=/C4= .....
Premium Acid Alkene
by : Directorate of Education‚ Delhi SOME IMPORTANT REASONING BASED QUESTIONS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1. Chlorobenzene is less reactive than chloromethane. Ans. In chlorobenzene‚ each carbon atom of benzenering is sp2 hyridised and is electron withdrawing. Chlorine atom donates a lone pair of electron and acquire positive charge. The negative charge is delocalised on ortho and para position by resonance. C-Cl bond acquires partial double bond character and is 169 pm as compared to 17.0 pm in chloromethane
Premium Alcohol Carboxylic acid Oxygen
or lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) + Na H – Sodium hydride [ ( CH3 ) 2 CH] 2 N – Li + Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) Alkylation of Acetylides Acetylide anions are both strong bases and good nucleophiles They undergo nucleophilic displacement reactions with alkyl halides to form new C-C bonds to alkyl groups; that is‚ they undergo alkylation
Premium Alkene Functional groups
With embezzlements and bank fraud to retirement delays in the country‚ it would leave Americans in a state of fragility. Things were not the best in the days when President Nixon left office. However if we look back to 42 years ago and remember our 37th President of the United States. This was most likely a memorable day for all Americans. President Nixon was in office‚ and it was time to move forward he was a very conservative man‚ that had fresh new ideas to bring political views that would win
Premium Richard Nixon Gerald Ford President of the United States
between the zeolitic proton and tert-butyl alcohol and increases the apparent activation barriers‚ which slows the overall reaction‚ and also lowers the selectivity to 4-tert-butyl phenol. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | Vapor-Phase Alkylation of Phenol with Tert-butyl Alcohol Catalyzed by H3PO4/MCM-41 | 作者: Ghiaci‚ M (Ghiaci‚ Mehran)1; Aghabarari‚ B (Aghabarari‚ Behzad)1 | 来源出版物: CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 卷: 31 期: 7 页: 759-764 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(09)60085-1 出版年: JUL
Premium Catalysis Hydrogen
according to DNA studies‚ tumors were found only in some organs where methylated DNA was recognized. This indicates that cancerous cells cannot be initiated by DNA alkylation alone. The primary factor that comes into play has been suggested as the role of cyclic nitrosamines since cyclic nitrosamines are structurally hindered to induce DNA alkylation‚ but have also exhibited carcinogenicity (Tricker & Preussmann
Premium Oxygen Distillation Chemistry