Injected Reagents on Frog Hearts Melissa Higdon Section 05‚ Group 01 November 19‚ 2013 Introduction: The heart is a very complex muscle for all species. It is responsible for sending oxygenated blood throughout the body as well as sending deoxygenated blood to the lungs‚ and continuously circulate this way for as long as we are alive. Many things can be effected‚ for example how fast the heart beats or how much force the heart chambers contract
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question: how do bull frogs compare and contrast to humans ? background info; A. animal kingdom B. rana castles beiana C. There habitat is anywhere near water and are mostly located in eastern america D. The bullfrog is a vertebrate because bullfrogs has a skeleton E. They have an endoskeleton because there skeleton is inside their body not outside F. Cold blooded because their body temperature need to change with the environment G. A bullfrog life cycle starts with the female and male frogs mating . The
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the summation started at 16Hz‚ and it reached tetanus at 64Hz‚ for the optimal length‚ we did not get enough time to finish it‚ and it should be somewhere higher then 35 mm. Introduction: Introduction: Methods: First‚ we needed to prepare the frog by remove the skin from the leg and cut off the muscle on the femur‚ and find the gastrocnemius muscle‚ which is the big muscle on the lower leg‚ and then we found the tendon of Achilles that is below the heel‚ and cut it at the lowest point of the
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The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of Ca2+ channel blockers in muscle contraction by observing the effects of injecting it in frog legs. Since calcium channel blockers‚ block the Ca2+ channels‚ inhibiting the calcium from binding to troponin‚ which exposes the myosin binding site‚ we hypothesize that the muscle fibers will not be able to contract to the same extent and therefor
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Results A left gastrocnemius muscle of a frog (L=3.2cm in situ) was used in experiment 1 and 2‚ while a right gastrocnemius muscle of a frog (L=3.4cm in situ) was used in experiment 3. The sciatic nerve of the frog was placed over the stimulatory electrodes covered with a piece of a Kimwipe moistened with Ringer’s solution. The relationship between muscle length‚ force production and velocity of contraction was studied. Force transduced calibration In order to get a more accurate data from force
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Chemical and Environmental Effects on the Heart Introduction The heart is the centerpiece of the circulatory system‚ its muscular contractions allow for the timely delivery of essential gases and nutrients to virtually all cells of the body. The pressure created by the heart also plays a vital role in eliminating wastes through organs such as the kidney‚ thus the heart delivers and helps maintain nutrient and waste composition throughout the body. The heart‚ like all muscle cells‚ releases ionic
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The purpose of this lab was to determine how different conditions could affect one’s heart rate. In the life of a human‚ the heart beats approximately forty-five million times per year varying based off of factors like age‚ gender‚ physical activity level (1). Furthermore‚ throughout the course of a day‚ the heart can vary in its heart rate from a number of different environmental changes such as prolonged standing‚ altered breathing (inhale vs. exhale)‚ and jolts of excitement such as being startled
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Introduction In this lab‚ I looked at how exercise affects a person’s heart rate (BPM)‚ systolic pressure‚ diastolic pressure‚ and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP). Heart rate is measured by beats per minute while systolic and diastolic pressure are measured by millimeters of Mercury. I found the MAP by the following equation‚ MAP= Diastolic Pressure + ⅓(Systolic-Diastolic). We found out that heart rate and systolic pressure were highest right after and during exercise‚ while diastolic pressure and
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The Effect of Position on Heart Rate This lab explores the effect of head position on an individual’s heart rate by having a subject move it’s head while simultaneously monitoring the subjects heart rate. There were three successive periods during which the heart rate was monitored that occurred in this order: a resting stage (subject sitting upright)‚ a stage with the head positioned between the knees‚ and a recovery stage (subject returns to upright position). The graph depicts a wide range
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The purpose of this experiment is to examine the results of stimulation on a frog’s sciatic nerve by looking at its compound action potential‚ the conduction velocity‚ and by quantifying the total and absolute refractory period between the nerve at room and cold temperature. An oscilloscope‚ preamplifier‚ and stimulator were used to stimulate the frog’s nerve located in the nerve chamber. Threshold voltage was determined by stimulating the nerve at increasing voltages until a compound action potential
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