Experiment I: Thermochemistry Background: Thermochemistry is the branch of chemistry that focuses on the studies of chemical reactions or physical changes and heat associated with chemical reactions. According to the first law of thermodynamics‚ energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be converted from one form into another and/or transferred between different atoms‚ molecules‚ or substances. In general‚ energy can be classified into two categories: kinetic and potential. Kinetic energy
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Chemical Energetics All about enthalpy‚ calorimetry and the First Law of Thermodynamics A Chem1 Reference Text Stephen K. Lower • Simon Fraser University1 Contents Part 1: Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Part 2: Basic thermodynamics: what you need to know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Systems and surroundings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Properties
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water‚ c = specific heat capacity of water and T in Kelvin. In order to know whether mass should be in kg or g we look at the c-value. c= 4.18 JK-1g-1. And Q is measured in Joules. J = g * JK-1g-1 * K. m must be in grams since J=J‚ and not J = kJ like it would have been with kg. We can assume that the
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Fundamentals of Thermal-Fluid Sciences Yunus A. Çengel‚ Robert H. Turner‚ John M. Cimbala McGraw-Hill Week 6-7 (Chapter 8) ENTROPY KHAIRUL FADZLI BIN SAMAT Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. WHAT IS ENTROPY? Boltzmann relation A pure crystalline substance at absolute zero temperature is in perfect order‚ and its entropy is zero (the third law of thermodynamics)
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θi) where‚ m = 100 g/min = 1.667 x 10-3 kg/s c = specific thermal capacity of water = 4.182 kJ/kg · K θo = average absorber outlet temperature θi = average absorber inlet temperature 2. Efficiency‚ η = PN / (qi x A) where‚ qi = 1 kW/m2 A = 0.12 m2 Sample calculation: PART A I. Complete collector ( t=15 min ) - useful power‚ PN = c · m · (θo - θi) = (4.182 kJ/kg · K) · (1.667 x 10-3 kg/s) · (32.5 – 28.5) K = 0.0279 kW - efficiency‚ η = PN / (qi
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CHEM 188 – Spring‚ 2013 Hour Exam 1 (Red) February 14‚ 2011 Instructions: Your scantron answer sheet must show your NAME‚ 7-DIGIT KU ID NUMBER‚ and LAB SECTION. (Begin these entries at the LEFT end of the space provided.) In answering the questions‚ be careful to fill in the corresponding circles on the answer sheet according to the number of the question on the exam. USE A SOFT (No. 2) PENCIL. (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Useful information: Gas constant‚
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ACTIVITY 5. POWER OF A STUDENT (Teacher’s Notes) PROCESS SKILLS: Measure‚ Observe‚ Compare‚ Test‚ Explain OBJECTIVE: The objective of this activity is to motivate the concept of power‚ or rate at which energy is transformed‚ and to apply it to the rate at which students do work to increase their gravitational potential energy in climbing a flight of stairs. IDEA: Students are asked to measure their gain in gravitational potential energy as they climb a flight of stairs‚ then to calculate the rate
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Structure of Matter | | 1. | An element consists of three isotopes in the relative abundance given below. What is the atomic mass of this element? | | 30.00% = 40.00 amu50.00% = 41.00 amu20.00% = 42.00 amu | | (A) | 40.90 | | (B) | 41.00 | | (C) | 41.90 | | (D) | 42.20 | | (E) | 42.90 | | | 2. | The total number of electrons that can be accommodated in the fourth principal energy level is _____ | | (A) | 2 | | (B) | 8 | | (C) | 18 | | (D) | 32 | | (E)
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Chemistry Internal Assessment: Determining the Enthalpy Change of a Displacement Reaction AIM: To determine the enthalpy change for the reaction between copper(II) sulfate and zinc. BACKGROUND THEORY: Bond breaking is endothermic while bond forming is exothermic. The reaction between copper(ll) sulfate and zinc is exothermic as the energy required to form the bonds of the products is greater than the energy required to break the bonds of the reactants. In an exothermic reaction‚ heat is
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CHEMISTRY 111 Practice Exam 2 1. How many moles of H+(aq) ions are present in 1.25 L of 0.75 M nitric acid? A. 0.60 mol B. 0.75 mol C. 0.94 mol D. 1.7 mol E. 1.9 mol 2. Which of the following will be least soluble in water? A. potassium sulfate‚ K2SO4 B. ammonium nitrate‚ NH4NO3 C. chloromethane‚ CH3Cl D. calcium chloride‚ CaCl2 E. ethanol‚ C2H6O 3. Select the precipitate that forms when the following reactants are mixed. Mg(CH3COO)2(aq) + LiOH(aq) A. LiCH3COO B.
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