Core Module 1: The Chemical Earth Contextual Outline The Earth includes a clearly identifiable biosphere‚ lithosphere‚ hydrosphere and atmosphere. All of these are mixtures of thousands of substances and the use of this pool of resources requires the separation of useful substances. The processes of separation will be determined by the physical and chemical properties of the substances. In order to use the Earth’s resources effectively and efficiently‚ it is necessary to understand the properties
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by neutralizing it with weak bases. The most common of these bases are hydroxides‚ carbonates‚ or bicarbonates. The following table contains a list of the active ingredients found in several common commercial antacids‚ and the reactions by which these antacids neutralize the HCl in stomach acid. Compound Chemical Formula Chemical Reaction Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 Al(OH)3(s) + 3 HCl(aq) -----> AlCl3(aq) + 3 H2O(l) Calcium carbonate CaCO3 CaCO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) -----> CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
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Topic 11a – Group 7‚ the Halogens Revision Notes 1) Trends in physical properties of the elements • At room temperature‚ Cl2 is a pale green gas‚ Br2 is a brown liquid‚ I2 is a blue-black solid. • In Group 7‚ boiling point increases down the group because the molecules have more electrons and‚ therefore‚ stronger van der Waal’s forces which require more energy to overcome them • Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract the electrons in a covalent bond • Down
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CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination CAPE ® CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS Unit 1 - effective for examinations from May/June 2007 Unit 2 - effective for examinations from May/June 2008 CXC A11/U2/06 Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced‚ stored in a retrieval system‚ or transmitted in any form‚ or by any means electronic‚ photocopying‚ recording or otherwise without prior permission
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The type of Iron that is in cereal is nonheme. 5. What does Vitamin D do? Vitamin D is a vitamin found in liver and fish oils. It is needed for the absorption of calcium. It prevents rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Sunlight gives off Vitamin D. It is also needed to absorb phosphorus. Because it absorbs calcium‚ it helps you have strong and healthy bones and teeth. Vitamin D helps the brain work well later in life and it is an immune
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Vicente Viloria CHM 130 LL Section 22258 Lab 12: Introduction to pH‚ Household Products and Buffers 12/9/14 Introduction In this experiment the students will be determining the pH of household products along with other solutions using several different indicators as well as a pH meter. The experiment also has the student determining what the buffer solution is in an aqueous solution. The student will also be testing the pH of milk of magnesia and will see how it affects the stomach acid. Lastly
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IGCSE PRE-AICE CHEMISTRY 0620 OFFICIAL STUDY GUIDE Notes: To avoid any confusion concerning the symbol for litre‚ dm3 will be used in place of l or litre.Valence electrons are known as valency electrons for this test. Nature of Matter The states of matter are solid‚ liquid‚ and gas‚ in respective order of kinetic energy. State of Matter | Definite Volume | Definite Shape | Solid | Yes | Yes | Liquid | Yes | No | Gas | No | No | Diffusion:
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Oil 1.Abstract Saponification value is expressed by potassium hydroxide in mg required to saponify one (1) gram of fat. It depends on the kind of fatty acid contained in the fat. Measurement of saponification value is performed according to the below listed official test methods. Here we test a sample of fatty acid. The sample is first saponified by adding 0.5mol/L potassium hydroxide ethanol‚ and then the excessive potassium hydroxide is titrated with 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid until the endpoint
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because it’s a calcium carbide and was known here in the Philippines as kalburo. When this chemical compound is mixed with water there will be a chemical reaction and it produces acetylene gas. The two anions of carbon‚ the carbide (C4-) and dicarbide (C22-) ions react with water to produce hydrocarbons. The carbide ion gives methane gas‚ and the dicarbide ion gives acetylene gas. This video shows the reaction between calcium carbide and water to produce acetylene and calcium hydroxide. Acetylene is
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of Different Cations When they were heated by Fire. & Testing changes of cations using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous Aims & Objectives Different characteristic cations will form different colors when they are burned or added base. In these two experiments‚ scientist took some sample of barium hydroxide (Ba (OH) 2·H2O)‚ ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O)‚ copper chloride (CuCl2· 2H2O)‚ calcium chloride anhydrous (CaCl2)‚ potassium carbonate crystal (K2CO3· 2H2O)‚ strontium chloride hexahydrate
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