Amino Acids Glycine is the smallest of the amino acids. It is ambivalent‚ meaning that it can be inside or outside of the protein molecule. In aqueous solution at or near neutral pH‚ glycine will exist predominantly as the zwitterion. Alanine is a hydrophobic molecule. It is ambivalent‚ meaning that it can be inside or outside of the protein molecule. The α carbon of alanine is optically active; in proteins‚ only the L-isomer is found. Serine differs from alanine in that one of the methylenic
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Secondary Structure: The local folding of the polypeptide in some regions gives rise to the secondary structure of the protein. The most common are the α -helix and β -pleated sheet structures Tertiary Structure: The unique three-dimensional structure of a polypeptide is its tertiary structure. This structure is in part due to chemical interactions at work on the polypeptide chain. Primarily‚ the interactions
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the evolution and utilisation of knowledge: an illustration of the DNA spiral helix (the building blocks of life); seed samples (the growth and development of organisms); the electron microscope (allowing detailed examination of objects); the tablet-style computer (the dissemination and democratisation of knowledge); and the moon rock (exploration of space). DNA Spiral Helix The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) helix is the only object in the Cabinet which is a representation. Whilst DNA exists
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caused by unwinding and cutting the strands. - In the second stage‚ new DNA for the daughter cell is formed by an enzyme complex called DNA polymerase and other proteins that cause the two strands to break apart - In the third stage‚ the new double helix DNA contains one of the original DNA strands from the
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molecule that is found in all living organisms. Constructing DNA models is a great way to learn about DNA structure‚ function and replication. DNA contains the genetic information for the reproduction of life. Its structure is that of a twisted double helix that is composed of long strands of alternating sugars and phosphate groups‚ as well as nitrogenous bases (adenine‚ thymine‚ guanine and cytosine). The basic unit of structure for a DNA molecule is the nucleotide. A nucleotide is composed of a phosphate
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(10.2) DNA structure is double helix DNA vs. RNA (10.2) DNA is deoxyribose while RNA is sugar ribose and RNA has the base Uracil instead of Thymine 4 nitrogenous bases & base pairing (10.2) A pairs with T‚ forming two hydrogen bonds‚ and G pairs with C‚ forming three hydrogen bonds. Watson‚ Crick‚ Franklin‚ Wilkins – DNA helix (10.3) Watson and Crick reported that DNA consisted of two polynucleotide strands wrapped into a double helix. Direction of DNA replication (10
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long-term storage and transmission of genetic information Transfer the genetic code needed for the creation of proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome. Unique Features: The helix geometry of DNA is of B-Form. DNA is protected in the nucleus‚ as it is tightly packed. DNA can be damaged by exposure to ultra-violet rays. The helix geometry of RNA is of A-Form. RNA strands are continually made‚ broken down and reused. RNA is more resistant to damage by Ultra-violet rays. Predominant Structure: Double-
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Freem an‚ Biological Science‚ 4e‚ Chapter 4 Chapter 4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World Learning Objectives: Students should be able to... • Sketch a nucleotide‚ label its three basic parts‚ and identify the 2’‚ 3’‚ and 5’ carbons. • Make another sketch showing the primary and secondary structures of DNA. • Describe the primary‚ secondary‚ tertiary‚ and quaternary structures of RNA‚ and explain in what ways RNA differs from DNA. • Explain why and how the secondary structure of DNA allows
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melting curve of DNA in TE buffer is in sigmoidal shape and can be divided into three parts. The first part of the curve (20oC-60oC) is flat and smooth. The absorbance value is low with little variation. It means that most DNAs remain in their double helix form and not being denatured. Then‚ there is a dramatic increase in the second part of the curve (60oC-80oC). It means that many DNA molecules undergo thermal denaturation. Lastly‚ the curve levels off again at relatively high absorbance values in
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RESEARCH Hello‚ my name is Janae Murray and my experiment is about seeing DNA without having to use microscopes. I chose this project because I am very interested in biology. I feel that learning more about DNA will allow me to understand how humans‚ plants‚ and animals develop. Understanding DNA is also a very important part of our existence. DNA is also known as deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is a large molecule that carries genetic instructions used in the development of all living organisms
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