Like Descartes‚ Montesquieu associated freedom as being in accordance with reason. Unlike Descartes‚ Montesquieu did discuss external freedom as embodied through law more at length‚ and also wrote extensively on the subject of slavery. In The Spirit of Laws‚ Montesquieu writes that “… political liberty does not consist in an unlimited freedom. In governments‚ that is‚ in societies directed by laws‚ liberty can consist only in the power of doing what we ought to will‚ and in not being constrained
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As stated by Nietzsche‚ the more an individual is active‚ headstrong‚ and lively‚ the less duration of the time is left for contemplating constantly on what is done to them‚ and their responses turned less habitually aggressive. The response of a strong-minded person‚ at the point when it happens‚ is ideally a short action: it is not thoroughly thought through‚ and acts on emotions at that moment. Ressentiment May be a reassignment of the torment that accompanies a feeling of one’s own inferiority/failure
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Explain how Plato’s epistemological assumptions shape his metaphysics (Why does he think that there must be Forms? Hint: Plato says (in effect): “Since knowledge is certain‚ therefore the objects of knowledge must be unchanging.”). b) Define Plato’s Forms and present the theory of Forms by explaining the “divided line.” (You can use the visual image‚ but explain it.) Plato was extremely devoted in answering the sophists’ skepticism about reason and morality. To do so‚ he spent more time than
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From the origin of Western philosophical thought‚ there has always been an interest in moral laws . As Hume points out in A Treatise of Human Nature‚ ¡§morality is a subject that interests us above all others.¡¨ Originally‚ thoughts of how to live were centered on the issue of having the most satisfying life with ¡§virtue governing one¡¦s relations to others¡¨‚ as written by J. B. Schneewind in Modern Moral Philosophy. Nevertheless‚ the view that there is one way to live that is best for everyone
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Introduction Our presentation is about Friedrich Nietzsche who was one of the most important and influential modern thinkers of nineteenth century for his notions of inexistentialism‚ post-modernism‚ and post-structuralism; but before talking about him‚ I would like to tell you a brief introduction of postmodernism and how this philosopher took these concepts to explain his ideologies. One of the main characteristics of postmodern thinking is that the world is seen as much more complex and an
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Consummately antithesis of what Plato says would assist in being a good leader and what a leader should fixate on‚ Machiavelli verbalizes that there should be nothing on the prince’s (leader) mind other than mastering the art of war. A leader should fixate on the mechanics of war. Study it at all times. Know your opponent. War‚ to Machiavelli‚ is described as an art which needed the full attention of the designer. The only way to be head of the state and to win is to know this art. Have it thoroughly
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of a religious or scientific view. Death is an unknown and interesting topic‚ that’s why all of these unique opinions make for a good debate. Plato‚ an ancient Greek philosopher who was a student of Socrates has many works and Western influence on death and dying. Western views on the soul living after death is developed from Plato’s ancient beliefs. Plato philosophized that the human soul is immortal‚ and that we shouldn’t fear death. Epicurus‚ another ancient Greek philosopher argued that death
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Furthermore‚ Freud and Nietzsche differ in their beliefs of human potential. On the whole‚ Freud gages human happiness based on the state of civilization. Freud is cynical about the progress of humanity and even dares to suggest that even though he has no way to prove it‚ our entire society might be neurotic (Freud 147). He reasons that if neurosis cases can arise from unexplained feelings of guilty in individuals and development of the individual parallels the evolution of civilization‚ then it
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Descartes’ Discourse on the Method (IV) None of the proposed philosophical theories is exact‚ not even a combination of two or more theories (Sayre‚ 2011). However‚ Descartes has unique way of metaphysical argument concerning existence of God. Descartes’ Discourse on the Method (Part IV) ends surprisingly with a claim of God’s existence‚ which can be deduced from the interrelationship between mind‚ soul and our existence. Descartes began the fourth section by discussing about himself. The reading
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The Republic‚ by Plato discusses human morality and the difference between justice and injustice. Socrates is challenged by his peers to explain his views on the topic‚ which he claims that being just is the function of the soul. He is then confronted by more students who suggest that unjust humans have a better life than those who are just. To respond to this Socrates decides to create a city called Kallipollis in order to demonstrate why being just is beneficial to everyone in a society instead
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