innate and acquired immunity Burnet‚ F. M. 1959. The Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity. Cambridge University Press‚ Cambridge. Cohen‚ S. G.‚ and M. Samter. 1992. Excerpts from Classics in Allergy. Symposia Foundation‚ Carlsbad‚ California. Desour‚ L. 1922. Pasteur and His Work (translated by A. F. and B Fritig‚ B.‚ T. Heitz‚ and M. Legrand. 1998. Antimicrobial proteins in induced plant defense Kimbrell‚ D. A.‚ and B. Beutler. 2001. The evolution and genetics of innate immunity Kindt‚ T. J.‚
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structural; there are no specific immune system organs Pathogen: a disease-causing agent; anything foreign in our body that causes disease Three lines of defense: 1st: external barriers 2nd: several non-specific defense mechanisms 3rd: immunity‚ specific resistance to disease I. Innate Defenses (pp. 691–700) A. 1st line of defense - Surface Barriers: Skin and Mucosae • Protective chemicals inhibit or destroy microorganisms • Skin‚ a highly keratinized epithelial
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Protein Article Research Kristen Roberts Immunity is the ability of a body to resist infection or to counter the harmful toxins produced by infecting organisms (Martin‚ Hine 2008). Antibodies and white blood cells are defensive cells and substances‚ these things produce an immune response. If such an encounter such as‚ bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites occur can make the macrophages engulf the microorganism and secretes cytokines and chemokines. This attracts immune cells to the infected
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ntthoai@hcmiu.edu.vn NTTH-HCMIU-IMMUN-2013 Introduction to IMMUNOLOGY- An X soup • What is Immunology? What is Immune System (IS)? • History of Immunology • Cells and Soluble Mediators of IS= ? • Immune Response- Pathogens (Ags): Innate and Adaptive Immunity- Collaboration NTTH-HCMIU-IMMUN-2013 Introduction to IMMUNOLOGY What is Immunology? What is Immune System (IS)? Immunology is the study of our protection from foreign macromolecules or invading organisms and our responses to them. Foreign
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(monocytosis): Monocytic leukemia‚ ulcerative colitis‚ viral diseases (mononucleosis and herpes zoster)‚ parasitic diseases (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever) B Lymphocytes (B Cells): humoral immunity T Lymphocytes (T Cells): cell-mediated immunity B Lymphocytes (B Cells): humoral immunity T Lymphocytes (T Cells): cell-mediated immunity Decreased (neutropenia): Vital conditions‚ overwhelming infection that exhausts bone marrow‚ cancer drugs‚ antibiotics and psychotropic drugs‚ hereditary disorders *Newborns
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with different effector functions. IgG carries out neutralization of toxins and microbes‚ activates the classical pathway of the complement and opsonisation of antigens for phagocytosis. It is the only class of immunoglobulin involved in neonatal immunity where it goes through the placenta and the gut to transfer
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Epstein+barr+virus+mononucleosis #5.) What innate and acquired protective mechanisms should have been elicited in response to Blake’s viral infection? For the case of the EBV‚ a person’s innate immunity in a way preps for acquired (adaptive) immunity. Innate: Once the virus’ DNAs and proteins are made familiar to the body‚ this stimulates not only an interferon (elevated levels of INF-y specifically) response‚ but also NK cell activation. The interferon INF-y is made
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This vaccine triggered the humoral immunity‚ immunizing one single individual and triggering a response from the B cells. This allowed the immune system to recognize the virus before it enter the cells. This vaccine could be given in once dose or three‚ either way the vaccine was 90-95% effective. In 1961 Dr. Albert Sabin came along and introduced the oral polio vaccine‚ this vaccine was live and attenuated vaccine. It triggered the humoral and cell-mediated immunity. This vaccine unlike the Salk
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the successful expression of naked plasmid DNA in mouse muscle tissue [108]. A few years later it was reported that the injection of DNA encoding an antigenic protein of influenza virus conferred protective immunity in mice [97]. Many papers have described and reviewed the protective immunity induced by DNA against a large variety of viruses [20]‚ bacteria [90] and protozoa [47] in murine models. DNA immunisation has also been investigated for the treatment of cancer [6] and autoimmune diseases [72]
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disease that occur within a defined population. 7. Define Opportunistic Pathogens Microorganisms that are capable of producing an infectious disease when the health and immunity of the host has been severely weakened by illness‚ famine‚ or medical therapy. Any microorganism that produces infection when the health and immunity of the host is severely weakened. 8. Define Normal Micro flora The bacteria that inhabit the external and internal exposed surfaces of the human body that are normal
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