lot of single carbon bonds. This makes them much straighter in shape and therefore easier to stack together. It’s called “saturated” fat because the molecule has the maximum amount of hydrogen atoms attached to it as possible. Unsaturated fat has double carbon bonds. Each double carbon bond means two less hydrogen atoms on the molecule. Unsaturated fat also is kinked at each double bond‚ disrupting the straight shape. These kinks get in the way of the molecules packing together tightly. This is why
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of Gases PURPOSE This experiment has two parts. The purpose of part A of the experiment is to determine the atomic mass of a metallic element whereas the purpose of part B of the experiment is to determine the rate of diffusion of both gases hydrogen chloride and ammonia by measuring the distances travelled by the two gases in the same time period. For part A the reaction of the metal with the aqueous acid is as follows: M(s) + n H3O+ -----> M+n(aq) + n/2 H2(g) + n H2O
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An experiment to determine the amount of urea in a specimen of urine. Introduction. Metabolism produces a number of toxic by-products‚ particularly the nitrogenous wastes that result from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. Amino (NH2) groups are the result of such metabolic reactions and can be toxic if ammonia (NH3) is formed from them. Ammonia tends to raise the pH of bodily fluids and interfere with membrane transport functions. To avoid this the amino groups are converted
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• highlight the environmental effects of polyhalogen compounds. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Haloarenes Halogenated compounds persist in the environment due to their resistance to breakdown by soil bacteria. 10 Unit The replacement of hydrogen atom(s) in a hydrocarbon‚ aliphatic or aromatic‚ by halogen atom(s) results in the formation of alkyl halide (haloalkane) and aryl halide (haloarene)‚ respectively. Haloalkanes contain halogen atom(s) attached to the sp3 hybridised carbon atom of
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1.0 Abstract This paper is done to study one particular catalyst which is zeolite supported iron catalyst. Zeolite supported iron catalyst is prepared using a method where it is based on the reaction of a metal exchanged zeolite with a metal containing coordination compound which produces an insoluble compound distributed throughout the zeolite. The metal used will be a specifically a water soluble metal cyanide complex where in this case it is iron. The catalyst is being used in various industries
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positive charge. 4. It’s important so the plants have correct nutrients to enable proper growth. 5. I would add clay Activity 3 – Analysis of Free Ions 1. Soil becomes acidic when plant roots secrete positive hydrogen ions 2. When plants roots secrete positive hydrogen ions‚ it lowers the pH and raises the acidity‚ taking away from the negative charge of the soil. This prevents the exchange of cation nutrients. 3. Over cultivation decreases the nutrients in soil and when the infiltration
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make them bond with each other easily. Thus organic compounds are classified according to their carbon chains that vary in length and shape. Hydrogen‚ nitrogen‚ and oxygen are the most common atoms that are generally attached to the carbon atoms. Organic compounds can be classified as hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives on the basis of their hydrogen replacements by other elements or by other group of elements (functional group).All hydrocarbons are insoluble in water because of their relatively
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year. It is therefore logical that scientists are constantly searching for new improved catalysts which will improve efficiency or produce a greater yield. An acidic catalyst works due its acid nature. Catalysts are strong acids and readily give up hydrogen ions‚ or protons: H+. Protons can be released from hydrated ions‚ for example H3O+‚ but more commonly they are released from ionisable hydroxyl groups (R-OH) where the O-H bond is broken to produce R-O- and H+. When the reactant receives protons
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prepared by treating lithium hydride (LiH) with aluminum chloride (AlCl3) (Scheme 1). 4LiH + AlCl3 Scheme 1 LiAlH4 + 3LiCl In industrial scale‚ it is prepared from sodium aluminum hydride which is prepared by reaction of sodium‚ aluminum and hydrogen at high temperature and pressure (Scheme 2). Na + Al + 2H2 NaAlH4 LiAlH4 Scheme 2 NaAlH4 + LiCl + NaCl Joint initiative of IITs and IISc – Funded by MHRD Page 1 of 55 NPTEL – Chemistry – Reagents and Organic reactions 2.1.1.3
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then collect the hydrogen gas produced‚ which can be used to calculate the relative atomic mass of Lithium. In the second method I will titrate the resulting solution of lithium hydroxide with a known concentration of hydrochloric acid‚ this can also be used to calculate the relative atomic mass of lithium. Readings: *100 cm3 of water *37.47 g of lithium plus the watch glass *37.41 g of Watch glass *122 cm3 of hydrogen gas collected Calculations from method 1 Moles of hydrogen produced: Assuming
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