very first stars that lit up the dark skies of early universe.3 As the baby stars contracted‚ temperature in the core rose to extreme level triggering nuclear fusion/hydrogen fusion. Nuclear fusion is a process in which two or more atoms fuse to synthesize heavier atom and this process of fusing releases large quantities of energy.4 All the ingredients/elements needed to make the earth and all life forms on earth were created in the cores of stars.5 These ingredients are then released out of the core
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entire container in which it is confined. LIQUID Liquids: liquid are close together with no regular arrangement. liquid vibrate‚ move about‚ and slide past each other in haphazardly manner. . SOLIDS Solids : In a solid the particles (ions‚ atoms or molecules) are tightly packed‚ usually in a regular pattern called crystal lattice. The forces between particles are strong so that the particles cannot move freely but can only vibrate. As a result‚ a solid has a stable‚ definite shape‚ and
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ways in which we use electricity‚ and to supply information on electricity itself. Electricity plays a big part in the lives of many people‚ yet few know how it actually works‚ so lets start with the basics: The basic unit of all matter is an atom. The atom
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Chapter 2 Extra Credit 1. The diffirence between atoms and molecules is that atoms are the smallest units of matter and can not be divided by chemical means. Molecules are made up of atoms of the same kind that are together in a group. The difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds are that covalent bonds have 2 atoms sharing the same electron. Ionic bonds occur when an atom takes one electron away from another atom. 2. Adhesion and Cohesion differ because adhesion is when 2 substance
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Distillation Crystallization Chromatography The Atomic Structure Atoms contain electrons which travel along electron shells‚ surrounding the nucleus that contains nucleons such as protons and neutrons. Electrons‚ neutrons and protons all make up an atom‚ they are called sub-atomic particles. Protons – has a relative charge of 1+ and a relative atomic mass of 1 Neutrons – are neutral‚ therefore the charge
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30. Democritus 32. Democritus thought that Atoms move though empty space composed of matter‚ while Dalton thought that matter is composed of atoms. 34. The technology didn’t exist at the time. 36. His theory said that atoms aren’t indivisible and all atoms of an element are not exactly the same. 38. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. A door and a table. 40. It was evenly distributed. 42. a. Electron cloud b. Protons c. Neutrons 44. The number of protons equals the number
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metals form +2 ions‚ metals in group 3 form +3 ions . Examples : Li+‚ Mg2+‚ Al3+. Greater ease of ionisation Li->Cs is due to the increased electron shielding of the nuclear attraction caused by additional inner shells of electrons. The easier atoms are to ionise‚ the more reactive they will be because less energy is required to ionise them‚ and so they react faster. 4.1.3 Group 5 will form 3- ions‚ Group 6 ions will form 2- ions‚ Group 7 ions will form negative ions. Examples : O2-‚ Cl-
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structure. Bohr became well known in the scientific community when he received a Nobel Prize in the field of Physics in 1922 for his work in investigating the structure of atoms and their radiation. He worked on and improved the Rutherford model to create his own Bohr model of atom structure. The Bohr model shows the nucleus of an atom being quite small and positively charged. The electrons surround the nucleus‚ just like a model of the solar system‚ but instead of gravity being the force holding things
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elements react violently to form a new compound called sodium chloride joined by ionic bonds. To understand how this process works‚ we must grasp an understanding of what an ion is and what an ionic bond is. An ion is an atom that has an electric charge and is created when an atom (or a group) gain or loses electrons. (It has an electric charge due to the imbalance and since they need to neutralise each other.) An ionic bond is a bond that transfers from one and another‚ resulting in an attraction
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September 2011 ISOTOPES Atoms of a given element which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Thus‚ isotopes have the same position in the periodic table‚ the same chemical properties and the same atomic charge. The simplest example of an atom with different isotopes is hydrogen. The three isotopes of hydrogen are shown here: The increasing number of neutrons in the nucleus of the hydrogen atom adds mass to the atom and thus each isotope of a
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