II. HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS Three days prior to admission‚ the patient suffered from fever‚ cough‚ and colds. He didn’t receive any medications or even consulted a physician. One day prior to admission‚ he suffered difficulty of breathing which triggered his parents to bring him to the hospital. They went first in the OPD and he was assessed with (+) head hobbing‚ (+) nasal flaring‚ and (+) rales. He was admitted at the PICU ward for further evaluation. Through the diagnosis
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CARDIO Tendon xanthomata: deposition of yellowish cholesterol rich material in the tendons‚ asociared with hyperlipidaemia. Eg on knuckles Xanthelasma: cholesterol deposits around the eyes. Corneal Arcus: deposition of cholesterol/lipid in the cornea. CRP : acute phase of protein produced predominantly by the liver in response to inflammatory cytokines Chest Pain on Xray: evidence of another cause of chest pain such as air in the mediastinum (oesophageal rupture) or aortic dissection
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CROSS-SECTIONAL VIEWS OF AN ARTERY AND OF A VEIN ARE SHOWN HERE. IDENTIFY EACH; ON THE LINES TO THE SIDES‚ NOTE THE STRUCTURAL DETAILS THAT ENABLED YOU TO MAKE THESE IDENTIFICATIONS: STRUCTURAL DETAILS: ARTERY: ROUND AND THICK VEIN: THIN AND SQUIGGLY 2 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNICA INTIMA INNERMOST TUNIC‚ THIN TUNIC OF CAPILLARIES 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNICA MEDIA ESPECIALLY THICK IN ELASTIC ARTERIES‚ CONTAINS SMOOTH MUSCLE AND ELASTIN 4 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNICA EXTERNA MOST SUPERFICIAL
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cells b) Cells can change shape c) Cytoplasm contains haemoglobin d) Nucleus is centrally located e) All of the above 5. Macrophages are derived from: a) Neutrophils b) Lymphocytes c) Monocytes d) Basophils e) Eosinophils 6. Blood in the pulmonary veins returns to the: a) Right atrium b) Left atrium c) Right ventricle d) Left ventricle Date Course Title Course Code May 2012 Fundamental Biology and Physiology BIOL1002 Page 2 of 11 APPROVED 7. Contraction of the ventricles is referred to as ventricular:
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1.6 VESSELS: ARTERIES‚ VEINS & LYMPHATICS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Structure • heart‚ arteries‚ arterioles‚ capillaries‚ venules‚ veins Functions • transportation (oxygen‚ carbon dioxide‚ nutrients‚ wastes‚ wastes hormones) • regulation (pH‚ body temperature‚ temperature fluid & electrolytes) Principle arteries and veins CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM • Heart: pumps blood • Artery: vessel leaving the heart (Arteries take blood AWAY from your heart) • Vein: vessel going to the heart • Capillaries:
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Vocabulary words Oxygenation and Elimination VOCABULARY WORDS NURS 161 Oxygenation and Elimination Unit II NOTE: This vocabulary list is not complete. Many words are repetitions from your anatomy and physiology class. It would be impossible to list all the words that would apply to every student. You are responsible for looking up words you don’t know on your own. This vocabulary list is only to be used as a helping tool. Many of these vocabulary words are used in your test questions
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brain. Blood is carried through tube like structures called blood vessels such as the artery and the vein. The arteries carry blood from the heart at high pressure which contains a high concentration of oxygen and nutrients to supply the organs. Veins carry blood at low pressure to the heart which contains a high concentration of carbon dioxide and with a low concentration of oxygen and nutrients. The main artery in the human body is called the aorta which pumps blood at a very high but constant pressure
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digestive system handles the solid waste but it is up to the excretory system to rid the body of liquid waste. In the large intestines it was mentioned that water is removed at this point and put back into the circulatory system. This is when the renal arteries bring this waste to the kidneys for cleaning. The cleaned blood travels on and the waste is then sent to the urinary bladder via the ureters. When the urinary bladder expands‚ it sends a signal to the brain and then urine is passed through the
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Chapter 23 - The Heart 331 The Heart - Key 1 2 3 What is the name of the central region of the thorax? The central region of the thorax is the mediastinum. About how much of the heart is to the left of the mid-sternal line? Two-thirds of the heart is to the left. Where is the location of the apex of the heart? The apex of the heart is located to the left at the fifth intercostal space. Figure 23.2 11 In reference to Figure 23.2‚ identify #1 - #3. 3 Epicardium 1 Pericardium 2 Pericardial
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cardiovascular system as comprising two distinct networks of arteries and veins. Galen claimed that the liver produced blood that was then distributed to the body in a centrifugal manner‚ whereas air was absorbed from the lung into the pulmonary veins and carried by arteries to the various tissues of the body. Arteries also contained blood. This was an open-ended system in which blood and air simply dissipated at the ends of veins and arteries according to the needs of the local tissue. Blood was not
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