significantly from those of all other sucrose concentrations. The osmotic concentrations were greater than zero in sucrose solutions of 0‚ 0.1‚ and 0.2 M; these cells were hypertonic‚ meaning the solutions had more solute. The osmotic concentrations were less than zero in sucrose solutions of 0.3‚ 0.4‚ and 0.5 M; these cells were hypotonic‚ meaning the solutions had less solute. Osmotic concentration decreased as sucrose concentration increased and cells became more concentrated. Figure 1. The
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Activities Exercise 1: Prefixes‚ Suffixes and Root Words Commonly Used in Biology Protocol: Example #1: Biology = study of life Example #2: Hypotonic = below tonicity Biological Terms Literal Meaning Phagocytosis To eat bag‚ sac‚ condition Chlorophyll Green leaf Zoology Study of animals Haploid Single Diploid Two‚ double Exocytosis Outside cell condition Hypertonic Above‚ over tonic Metaphase Change‚ after phase Unicellular One‚ single pertaining to Multicellular Many pertaining to Oocyte Egg cell
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or spermatocytes to assess chromosome abnormalities [25‚26]. For chromosomal preparation from bone-marrow cells and spermatocytes‚ both types of cells were collected separately in isotonic solutions (0.9% NaCl or 2.2% tri-sodium citrate respectively)‚ centrifuged at 500xg for 5min. The pellets were resuspended in hypotonic solutions (0.075M KCl or 1.1% tri-sodium citrate respectively) and incubated at 37°C for 20min prior to fixation with the Carnoy’s fixative (methanol : glacial acetic acid: 3:1‚
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they may use creatine supplements to increase their PC stores as they will be using the ATP-PC system during their event. Another factor the athlete should consider in their diet is hydration‚ the athlete should take isotonic fluid before and during the event/ training and take hypertonic fluids after the event/training this is so that the athlete is able to replenish ions such as Ca+ and Na+ lost thorough sweat. The athlete would also need to acclimatise to the climate of the venue‚ if the climate
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one another by the solvent Osmotic pressure is the pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of water across a semipermeable membrane Hypotonic refers to less solute concentrations. These conditions will cause a net influx of water into the cells causing the cells to burst or lyse Hypertonic refers to greater solute concentrations. These conditions will cause a net outflow of water from the cell causing the cells to shrivel Heat – the atoms increase in energy
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If the solution outside the cell has a larger concentration of dissolved materials the solution is hypertonic‚ so the water would move from the cell into the solution. Aim The aim of this experiment was to verify the concept of Osmosis and Diffusion with a semi-permeable membrane (dialysis tubing)‚ it will be exposed to different environments and concentration
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shrink‚ or grow in each of them. The solutions that we are using are 2 % Low-Fat milk‚ apple cider vinegar‚ filtered water‚ sugar‚ baking powder‚ and salt. The prediction is that when the gummy bears are in baking powder‚ they will be hypotonic‚ but will be hypertonic in sugar. Our controls are the same intervals of time and the same type of gummy bear. Since they are made purely of different forms of sugar‚ when mixed with the sugar water‚ it will most likely expand. Gummy bears originated from Germany
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Photosynthesis Abstract: An experiment was carried out to determine how certain factors such as light intensity and availability of carbon dioxide‚ affected the rate of photosynthesis. The rate of photosynthesis was measure by the amount of oxygen produce (cm3/min). A valid conclusion was made and most of the results were in accordance with the prediction‚ although there were some anomalies present. The errors and limitations were evaluated and some improvements were suggested. Introduction: Photosynthesis
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Unit II Test Review Chapter 4 BB Notes Cells Under the Microscope Cells are microscopic in size. Although a light microscope allows you to see cells‚ it cannot make out the detail that an electron microscope can. The overall size of a cell is regulated by the surface-area-to-volume ratio. 4.2 The Plasma Membrane The plasma membrane of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is a phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipid bilayer regulates the passage of molecules and ions into and out of the cell. The
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INTRODUCTION: Osmosis is defined as the net movement of water or any other solutions molecules from a region in which they are highly concentrated to a region in which they are less concentrated. This movement must take place across a partially permeable membrane such as a cell wall‚ which lets smaller molecules such as water through but does not allow bigger molecules to pass through. The molecules will continue to diffuse until the area in which the molecules are found reaches a state of equilibrium
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