that sugars are necessary for fermentation? What evidence led you to this conclusion? Treatment D was the control group‚ as it had only distilled water and no sugar solution. It was expected that there would be no CO2 production because there is no substrate to react with the yeast. The blue line in Figures 1 and 2 indicates that‚ for the most part‚ there was no increase in CO2 production. The slight increase at the beginning could be due to random error. In Treatments A and B when there was live yeast
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Patrick McCrystal Enzymes: Natural Catalysts Enzymes are catalytic proteins‚ meaning they speed up chemical reactions without beingused up or altered permanently in the process. Although various enzymes use different methods‚all accomplish catalysis by lowering the activation energy for the reaction‚ thus allowing it tooccur more easily. Enzymes have very specific shapes (conformations). Part of the conformationis the active site of the enzyme‚ where the actual catalysis occurs. The specific molecule
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Enzymes are biological catalysts or assistants that consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reaction required for a specific action or nutrient. They can either launch a reaction or speed it up. Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The catalase used in this experiment will come from five different sources: Spinacia
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Virtual Lab: Enzyme Controlled Reactions Worksheet 1. Which of the following does NOT apply to an enzyme: b. Inorganic 2. When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction: a. Substrate(s) bind in the active site 3. Which of the following would interfere most with the ability of an enzyme to catalyze a reaction? a. Reduced concentration of substrate available 4. Feedback mechanisms regulate the rate of enzyme activity‚ effectively “turning off” an enzyme in a reversible way until more product is needed
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extract in phosphate buffer pH6 containing the enzyme: polyphenol-oxidase‚ was used as the variable being tested in this experiment. You may refer to the Enzymatic Reactions Biology 21 Lab Manual. Santa Monica College by Logan‚ R. 2003 to see how the potatoes extract in phosphate buffer was made. We began this experiment by measuring seven constant amounts of 1ml of 0.1% catechol using a 1 mL pipet into each seven cuvettes. The catechol is our substrate solution. Next‚ different amounts of phosphate
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determine concentration. Molarity is found by dividing the number of moles of a solute by the volume of the solution in liters. Multiple series of solutions with different concentrations can be used by diluting the concentration. The dilution technique is: Number Moles Concentrated Solution = Number Moles Dilute Solution. An instrument called a spectrophotometer detects the amount of light that passes through the sample and the percent transmittance can be recorded from the meter. In the lab‚ multiple
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Bacterial Transformation Lab Report Backround: The plasmid pGLO contains an antibiotic-resistance gene‚ ampR‚ and the GFP gene is regulated by the control region of the ara operon. Ampicillin is an antibiotic that kills E. coli‚ so if E. coli‚ so if E. coli cells contain the ampicillin-resistance gene‚ the cells can survive exposure to ampicillin since the ampicillin-resistance gene encodes an enzyme that inactivates the antibiotic. Thus‚ transformed E. coli cells containing ampicillin-resistance
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City University of Hong Kong Dept. of Physics & Materials Science AP2104 Mechanics of Solids Laboratory Manual Experiment 1 Pure Bending of a Beam Experiment 2 Torsional Deformations Experiment 3 Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stresses Experiment 1 Pure Bending of a Beam Objective 1. To examine the stresses at various positions of the beam under a constant load of pure bending. 2. To determine the curvature of deflection of the beam. Introduction
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Oscillators & Oscilloscope Morgan Dennis @02514008 Partners: Brittany Smith‚ Michelle Trang‚ James Anderson‚ Madison Shaw OBJECTIVE: We are going to study the features and operation of the oscilloscope. We will use the instrument to measure the frequency and amplitude for various sources. Ultimately‚ the oscilloscope will display the Lissajous figures. APPARATUS: The major apparatus used include; Oscilloscope‚ two audio oscillators‚ battery and connectors. THEORY: The oscilloscope
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Introduction Memory is defined as the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information(Eysenck & keane‚ 2010). Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) (Cowan‚ Rouder‚ & Stadler‚ 2000)‚ came up with a model of sensory memory which stated not everything we perceive we process. Craik and Tulving (1975) developed an opposing theory in which they proposed the levels of processing theory‚ stating its not the processing but the type of quality of the processing that is performed‚ that determines the retention
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