recrystallization and vacuum filtration. In order to verify the presence of the ketone 2‚4-dinitrophenylhydrazone was synthesized and reacted with trans-p-anisalacetophenone resulting in a red color change indicating the presence of the ketone. The percent yield of the product was found to be 49% with six NMR shifts at 1.76‚ 2.14‚ 3.83‚ 6.98‚ 7.53‚ and 7.97 ppm. The melting point was originally found to be 169.7-180.1 °C but was determined to be an error. Introduction: In this experiment an acetophenone
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Chemistry 211 The Formula of Lead (II) Iodide The Analysis of a Chemical Reaction Introduction This experiment is based upon a discovery made through the isolation of PbI2 using a particular scientific method‚ which studies ratios of lead to iodine. Precipitation reactions occur when oppositely charged ions attract and form an insoluble ionic solid. This experiment examines the precipitation reaction between lead (II) nitrate‚ Pb(NO3)2‚ and potassium iodide‚ KI. Both are dissolved in water
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hydroxide to remove the impurities. By adding an excess of sulfuric acid and cooling the solution in an ice bath‚ the technique of vacuum filtration using a Buchner funnel will be employed‚ crystals of the hydrated aluminum potassium sulfate salt will yield and these will be collected. Methanol will be used to rinse the crystals. THEORY Aluminum is the third most abundant element and is commonly used in packaging. In fact‚ 97% of all soft drink cans use this universal material. Recycling an aluminum
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Prepare a table. 3. Calculate the number of grams of Na2CO3 to weigh out from the number of moles in step 2. Prepare a table. 4. Calculate the number of grams of CaCO3 that are expected to be produced. This is your theoretical yield. Have Factor (molecular mass) Factor (mole ratio)
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Oxidation of Cyclohexanol Introduction: The oxidation of cyclohexanol involves using household bleach to oxidize this secondary alcohol and produce a ketone product‚ cyclohexanone. Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions occur when the oxidation state of atoms change due to a transfer of electrons. Oxidation occurs when electrons are ‘lost’ to the formation of bonds and reduction occurs when electrons are ‘gained’ in the braking of bonds (Levine). Using this reaction and its product‚ a redox experiment
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reactions are known to occur when an aromatic substrate is allowed to react with a suitable electrophilic reagent‚ and many other groups besides nitro may be introduced into the ring. Although the reaction produced a low yield at the end‚ the yield is calculated from the reaction and limiting reagent. Keywords: electrophilic aromatic substitution‚ nitration‚ aldehyde‚ nitrating group Introduction Electrophilic substitution happens in many of the reactions of compounds containing benzene rings - the
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BSP Releases Report on the Philippine Financial System for the First Semester of 2011 11.03.2011 The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) recently released the Status Report on the Philippine Financial System for the first semester of 2011. The report provides an account of the performance of the banking system and other financial institutions such as non-banks with quasi-banking functions‚ non-stock savings and loan associations‚ offshore banks‚ and trust entities under BSP supervision. Also included
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exclusively into its more stable counterpart E-Stilbene. The reaction produced very low yield of 6.3% due to the nature of the reaction and the speed at which iodine reacts. The purity of E-Stilbene could have been increased by allowing the reaction to perform longer and to use a faster reactant such as Bromine. Introduction: In this experiment a Wittig
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was filled with deionized water and another with the solution. Each cuvette was filled to the same level. The transmittance of the solution was found at 400nm and then consecutively recorded at intervals of 25nm. Absorbance was calculated from percent transmittance and then plotted on a graph as a function of
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Discussions: Reaction Equation: Theoretical Yields: Based on limiting moles of product -Based on C7H14O 24 mL C7H14O x (0.910 g C7H14O/1 mL C7H14O) x (1 mol C7H14O/114.19 g C7H14O) = 0.191 mol C7H14O 0.191 mol C7H14O x (1 mol C7H12/1 mol C7H14O) = 0.191 mol C7H12 C7H14O is the Limiting Reagent -The acids are not counted as reagents in this reaction and serve only as catalyst. Theoretical Yield = mol of limiting reagent x M.W. = 0.191 mol
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