Unknown 2 Scheme “ Fair game” ions Cations: Na+‚ K+‚ NH4+ ‚ Ca2+‚ Mg(OH2)62+ ‚ Al(OH2)63+ Anions: SO42-‚ HSO4-‚ NO3-‚ OH-‚ Cl-‚ CO32-‚ HCO3- Insoluble Compounds: Ca(OH)2‚ CaSO4•2H2O‚ CaCO3‚ MgCO3‚ Mg(OH)2 I. Describe Sample a. Quick description of sample. Ex: Phase‚ color‚ odor‚ crystalline‚ amorphous‚ gel-like‚ powdery‚ etc. II. Flame Test a. Part 1 i. Orange Flame: Na+ is present. K+ ‚ NH4+ ‚ Ca2+‚ Mg(OH2)62 ‚ Al(OH2)63+ may also be present. ii. Purple Flame: K+ is present (no Na+
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Introduction: To determine the total amount of carbonate in unrefined sodium carbonate‚ soda ash‚ a titration is done using a standardized solution of HCl. Aqueous HCl is a strong acid and therefore almost completely disassociates into H+ and CL-. Therefore‚ when HCl is used in a titration‚ the H+ is the titrant. Carbonate in aqueous solution is able to accept a proton‚ i.e. it acts as a base. When carbonate accepts the H+ a bicarbonate ion is formed. Na2CO3(aq) + HCl(aq)
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H2O(l). The reaction released heat and is said to be exothermic. HCl is the limiting reactant of the reaction and o.oo5 moles of it was used. The heat generated by the reaction is 55.8 kJ. The sign of T of the reaction used for calibration is opposite to that of H. In the determination of heats of reaction‚ the reaction of 15 mL 1 M CuSO4 + 0.05 g Zn produced a net ionic equation of CuSO4 + Zn ZnSO4 + Cu. The limiting reactant of the reaction is Zn and 0.05 moles of it was used. The sign of T
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Titrations D1 Laura Andrijaityte Chemistry Assignment BTEC Forensic Science Titration definition: A measured amount of solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is complete; the concentration of the unknown solution (the titre) can then be calculated. Acid based titration: determination of the concentration of an unknown acid or base by neutralizing the acid or base with an acid or base of a known substance. Redox
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CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS CLASS-XII EXPERIMENT No. 1 AIM – (a) To prepare 100ml of M/20 solution of oxalic acid. (b)Using this calculate the molarity and strength of the given KMnO4 solution. APPARATUS AND CHEMICALS REQUIRED- Oxalic acid‚ weighing bottle‚ weight box‚ volumetric flask‚ funnel‚ distilled water‚ chemical balance‚ beakers‚ conical flask‚ funnel‚ burette‚ pipette‚ clamp stand‚ tile‚ dilute H2SO4‚ KMnO4 solution. THEORY- (a) Oxalic
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1.0 ABSTRACT The production of reducing sugars by acid of carbohydrate cereals powder‚ jams (total sugar content) and jams (reducing sugar content) were performed in order to study reducing sugar production. The study involved hydrolysis carbohydrate cereals powder and jams by immersing in boiling water at environmental temperature. Acid hydrolysis was carried out through reflux boiling for 20 minutes with 10ml 0f 1.5M concentrations of diluted sulphuric acid. Reducing sugars concentrations
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Cobalt(II) Oxygen adduct complex Inorganic 461 lab 2-29-2012 Abstract This experiment uses Co(salen) as a model compound illustrating the uptake of oxygen in hemoglobin. SalenH2 was prepared as the intermediate‚ and reacted with hydrated cobalt to prepare Co(salen). Using Co(salen) the oxygen up-take was tested. The synthesis of SalenH2 produced 0.65 g. The percent yield of salenH2 was 116% on the filter paper and 105% after transferring salenH2 to a vial. The melting point of salenH2‚ was
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Chemistry Stage 3 Standards Guide Exemplification of Standards through the 2010 WACE Examination Chemistry: Stage 3 Standards Guide 1 2010/33606 Copyright © Curriculum Council‚ 2011 This document—apart from any third party copyright material contained in it—may be freely copied‚ or communicated on an intranet‚ for noncommercial purposes by educational institutions‚ provided that it is not changed in any way and that the Curriculum Council is acknowledged as the copyright owner. Copying
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experiments in determining the quantities ∆Hᶿ for the reactions of NaHCO3 and Na2CO3. The reaction are as follow: 2NaHCO3 (s) + H2SO4 (aq) Na2SO4 (aq) + 2CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) [1] ∆Hᶿ = Y kJmol-1 Na2CO3 (s) + H2SO4 (aq) Na2SO4 (aq) +H2O (l) + CO2 (g) [2] ∆Hᶿ = Z kJmol-1 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ [1] – [2’] 2NaHCO3 (s) Na2CO3 (s) +H2O (l) + CO2 (g) [3] ∆Hᶿ = X kJmol-1 The enthalpy‚ H is defined as
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Synopsis The objective of this experiment is to determine the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate‚CaCO3 in toothpaste using back titration technique. A known weight portion of toothpaste is obtained to react with known volume and concentration of standard acid solution. After completing the reaction‚ the resulting solution containing excess acid is back titrated with known volume and concentration of standard base solution. Determination of excess acid after reaction allow us to calculate the
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