Acetic acid‚ a pungent smelling colourless liquid having sour taste‚ used very commonly in the chemistry laboratories. It got its name from Latin word Acetum‚ which means vinegar. Pure acetic acid is also called glacial acetic acid‚ because in winters it freezes easily as temperature goes below 16-17°C. Therefore it looks like as if a small glacier is there in the bottle‚ hence called glacial acetic acid. Laboratory and daily life uses of acetic acid are: (i) Acetic acid is used in household kitchens
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Studying the pH of Strong Acid‚ Weak Acid‚ Salt‚ and Buffer Solutions The purpose of the current experiment was to determine the pH of various hydrochloric acid and acetic acid solutions‚ to determine the pH of various salt solutions‚ to prepare a buffer solution‚ and determine the effects of adding a strong acid and strong base to the buffer solution versus adding a strong acid and strong base to water. The measured pHs for the hydrochloric acid solutions were 1.6‚ 2.2‚ 2.9‚ and 3.8. The measured
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Acids & Bases: Reactions‚ Standardizations‚ & Titrations Experiments 21 & 22 Experimental Overview: The procedure for this experiment was carried out as instructed in the laboratory manual‚ Experiments in General Chemistry‚ 4th ed.‚ S.L. Murov‚ Experiment 21‚ Acids and Bases: Reactions and Standardizations‚ and Experiment 22‚ Acids and Bases: Analysis. There were modifications made by the instructor to dilute the 6M NaOH to 0.1M in 300mls
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Measurement of the Heat of Neutralization of an Acid CHM 152IN CRN: February 5‚ 2000 I. Purpose of Experiment The purpose of this lab is to measure the heat released in the reaction of an acid and a base. This will demonstrate an enthalpy reaction‚ showing energy being released. II. Chemicals and Equipment The following chemicals and equipment will be utilized for the experiment: |Chemicals |Equipment
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[pic] |THE MECHANISM FOR THE ACID CATALYSED HYDROLYSIS OF ESTERS | | | |This page looks in detail at the mechanism for the hydrolysis of esters in the presence of a dilute acid | |(such as hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid) acting as the catalyst. It uses ethyl ethanoate as a typical| |ester.
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medulla oblongata as well as airway obstruction may cause respiratory acidosis. 3. Explain how the renal system would compensate for respiratory acidosis. The kidneys regulate the amount of H+ ions and HCO 3- excreted in the urine which regulate acid base balance. A C T I V I T Y 3 Renal Responses to Respiratory Acidosis and Respiratory Alkalosis 1. Describe what happened to the concentration of ions in the urine when the PCO2 was lowered. How well did the results compare with your prediction
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Background Information about Investigation The rates of chemical reactions in industry are carefully controlled because ‘Time is money!’ So it is important that chemists can make reactions happen and make useful products as quickly as possible. However‚ sometimes chemists deliberately slow down reactions to avoid health and safety risks. Some reactions can go out of control and lead to large amounts of toxic or flammable gases being made too quickly. One chemical that is made industrially is sodium
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Procedures 1. What should you always wear to protect your eyes when you are in the chemistry laboratory? You should wear safety glasses to protect your eyes when you are in the chemistry laboratory. 2. Should you add acid to water or water to acid? You should always add acids to water. 3. Where should you dispose of broken glass? You should dispose broken glass in a protective container. 4. What should you do if you spill a chemical on your hand? If the chemical spill is on a small area you
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nucleophile for attack towards the phosphorus atom of the phosphate group bonded to the 3’-C end of the same ribonuclease sugar. During this process‚ it causes His12 to become protonated‚ thus causing it to become acidic. 21-22 Conversely‚ His119 acts as an acid to facilitate the departure of the leaving 3’-monophosphate group. This is achieved when the acidic imidazolium ion of His119 simultaneously protonate the oxygen of the phosphate oxyanion group. 23 This leads to the formation of 2’‚3’-cyclic phosphorane
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Bioresource Technology 79 (2001) 207±225 Review paper The production of poly-(c-glutamic acid) from microorganisms and its various applications Ing-Lung Shih *‚ Yi-Tsong Van Department of Environmental Engineering‚ Da-Yeh University‚ 112 Shan-Jiau Road‚ Da-Tsuen‚ Chang-Hwa 51505‚ Taiwan‚ ROC Accepted 9 April 2001 Abstract This review article deals with the chemistry and biosynthesis of poly-(c-glutamic acid) (c-PGA) produced by various strains of Bacillus. Potential applications of c-PGA as
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