WHAT ARE COSTS AND PROFITS? HUNGRY HELEN’S COOKIE FACTORY • Helen‚ the owner of the cookie factory‚ buys flour‚ sugar‚ flavorings‚ and other cookie ingredients. • She also buys the mixers and the ovens and hires workers to run the equipment. • She then sells the resulting cookies to consumers. 2 TOTAL REVENUE‚ TOTAL COST‚ AND PROFIT • The amount that Helen receives for the sale of its output (cookies) is its total revenue. • The amount that the firm pays to buy inputs (flour‚ sugar‚ workers
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Level (per hour) (boxes per hour) 0 0 1 20 2 46 3 66 4 80 5 85 Marginal Production Level Complete the table and determine the most efficient number of movers to hire. Explain. (Be sure to discuss average production and marginal production levels.) Does the production function in the table exhibit diminishing marginal returns? Explain what you think is happening. Solution: Number of Workers Total Product of Labor Average (per hour)
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(Demand Under Perfect Competition) What type of demand curve does a perfectly competitive firm face? Why? The demand curve for an individual firm is equal to the equilibrium price of the market. The market demand curve is downward-sloping. 2. Explain the different options a firm has to minimize losses in the short run. The firm in a perfectly competitive market can only choose to produce at a loss or temporarily shut down. 3. (The Short-Run Firm Supply Curve) Each of the following situations
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Perfect competitive is a market structure characterized by many small firms‚ which sells homogeneous product‚ easy entry and exit‚ and perfect knowledge of market. In the long run‚ perfect competitive firms only earn normal profit. This is due to the easy entry and exit of firms into the market. Easy entry is mean that a new firm can easily enter the market if it established supernormal profit in the short run‚ new firms enter the industry and this increase the supply of the product. As result
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Sek-Lung is a Marginal Character A strong‚ intelligent‚ independent boy is what every traditional Chinese family wants. Unfortunately‚ Sek-Lung is not such an ideal child. In the novel‚ The Jade Peony‚ Sek-Lung is a marginal character. He is rejected by the dominant group‚ first being made to feel insignificant and second to feel uncomfortably visible. Sek-Lung is born in Canada‚ with a sick body‚ being considered inferior and unimportant. To begin with‚ he gains a reputation because
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ASSIGNMENT Q(1) Explain and illustrate with diagrams the differences between diminishing marginal returns and decreasing economies of scale and cite causes and examples. Ans. The law of diminishing returns is also called the law of variable proportion‚ as the proportions of each factor of production employed keep changing as more of one factor is added. The law of diminishing returns does not imply that adding more of a factor will decrease the total production‚ a condition known as negative returns
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the importance of cost‚ revenue and profit for a business organisation 1. Cost Profit is the different between the selling price and the production cost. Product cost include not only the cost of manufacturing a product but also all the other costs incurred in the process of producing or delivering a product or service. 2. Revenue The revenue of a business is‚ the income from its operations. It is important for the business to make the gap between costs and revenue as wide as possible
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Task 309.1.1.06 A. Two methods of profit maximization that companies utilize are the total revenue to total cost approach and the marginal revenue to marginal cost approach. To attain their goal of achieving the highest level of profit‚ Company A uses these methods to determine the appropriate output level to achieve their goal. Both methods arrive at the same level. In the first approach‚ Company A first determines its total revenue by multiplying the number of widgets sold by the price
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CHAPTER 2: RELEVANT REVENUES AND COSTS The primary goal of a firm is to maximize profits. This implies‚ of course‚ that each decision a manager makes is consistent with that goal. Although managers are expected to rely on internally-produced reports‚ such as balance sheets and income statements‚ to help them make decisions‚ most of the information that appears on these statements is period-based rather than decision-based. A balance sheet shows the sum total of a firm’s assets and liabilities
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Introduction Over the past decade‚ medical costs have increased more rapidly than other consumer costs. Americans spent 2.5 trillion on health care in 2009 according to Medicare’s Office of the Actuary. That figure translates into approximately $8‚086 per person‚ or 17.6 percent of the nation’s gross domestic product (GDP).1 Health care costs more than tripled from 1990 to 20092 and are projected to rise to 19.6 percent of GDP in 2019.3 “The 4 percent increase from 2008 levels represented
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