Synthesis of Aspirin Learning Goals 1. To synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. 2. To purify the crude product by Recrystallization. Introduction Most drugs are chemical compounds which are described as "organic compounds" because they are comprised primarily of the elements carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen. The present experiment will be the synthesis of a familiar organic compound called aspirin. The common chemical name is acetylsalicylic acid. Aspirin‚ the
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Reactions of Carbonyls-Aldehyde/Ketone Analysis: Introduction: The carbonyl group is a rich source of many important reactions in organic chemistry‚ with two fundamental properties that are primarily responsible for its diverse chemistry. The first is the polarization of the. Carbon-oxygen pi bond‚ owing to the relatively high electro negativity. The second property of a carbonyl function is to increase the acidity of the alpha-hydrogen atoms‚ which are the hydrogen’s
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HYDROLYSIS OF ESTERS Anhydrous alkanoic acids react with alcohols in the presence of heated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to form an ester and water. This process is known as esterification. This can be represented by the equation: Alkanoic acid + Alcohol (means reversible eq) ester + water Esters occur naturally in fruits and flowers and are described as oily‚ sweet smelling liquids. Vegetable oils and animal fats are esters of long-chain acids. Esters can undergo a range of reactions and
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Alkenes from Alcohols: Analysis of a Mixture by Gas Chromatography Aim: To analyze a mixture of alkenes by gas chromatography. Introduction: In this lab‚ we specifically used elimination reaction; however we only used the E1 reaction. In the presence of strong acids‚ alcohols protonate to form a good leaving group‚ namely water. Upon loss of a proton to a good leaving group‚ an introduction of unsaturation (a double bond) can be preformed. According to Wikipedia‚ an E2 reaction is typically
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SAN CARLOS DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY NAME: Maniwang‚ Ma. Aiza C. DATE: March 21‚ 2011 COURSE: BS Chemistry II APPROVED: ___________ PREPARATION OF AZO DYES ABSTRACT In this experiment‚ the azo dyes p-nitrobenzene azoresorcinol and methyl orange were prepared by the azo coupling reaction. The p-nitrobenzene azoresorcinol dye was prepared from p-nitroaniline and resorcinol. The diazonium salt formed was from the reaction of the cold solution of dissolved p-nitroaniline in hydrochloric
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your salicylic acid. The IR spectrum was not performed since we ran out of time due to the fire alarm. 3. What was the purpose of the hydrochloric acid? Methyl salicylate reaction with NaOH gives sodium salt of carboxylic acid. The sodium salt of the acid and the phenol treated with HCl gives salicylic acid. In other words‚ HCl helps methyl salicylic precipitate since salicylic acid isn’t very soluble in an
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Fischer Esterification – nucleophilic substitution reaction Strong acid catalyst (concentrated sulfuric acid Purpose of a reflux is to heat a reaction mixture at its boiling temperature to form products‚ without losing any of the compounds in the reaction flask TO HAVE GREAT PERCENT YIELD: As reaction is reversible‚ removal of water or the addition of an excess of one of the reactants (cheaper one) drives the reaction towards formation of ester. (Excess carboxylic acid is used) Adding excess
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possibilities. Materials: 1. Depression plate 2. Sharpie marker 3. Dropper bottles: 1M hydrochloric acid‚ 1M sodium hydroxide‚ ammonia‚ vinegar‚ distilled water 4. pH indicator dropper bottles: bromothymol blue‚ red litmus paper‚ methyl orange‚ phenolphthalein Procedure: 1. Number the wells in the depression plate form 1-6 with the sharpie. 2. Into each well on the depression plate‚ add 10 drops of the following substances: a. Well 1: 1M hydrochloric acid b. Well 2: 1M sodium
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organic dye added to a solution that changes color base on the concentration of H3O ions in the solution. Each color change corresponds into a pH value. Common indicators used in the laboratory are methyl orange‚ methyl red‚ bromthymol blue‚ neutral red and phenolphthalein. In this experiment‚ methyl orange and phenolphthalein are used. To keep the pH within the narrow range we used a process called buffer system. It resists changes in pH using conjugate acid-base pair. In doing this‚ concept
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Title: Catalase enzyme detection Objective: To understand the function of catalase in cells that produce the enzyme‚ interpret the results of a catalase test and know their value in differentiating bacteria. Materials: 1 clean microscopic slide‚ 3% H2O2 solution‚ swabs. Micrococcus luteus‚ Enterococcus faecalis‚ patient G Procedure: 1) Scrape some cells off from each bateria to the slant and place them on glass slide. 2) Place one or two drops of H2O2. Watch for bubbling as an indication of
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