group of microbes that converts its sugars into acid and thereby preserve it for sometime from getting spoilt or harboring disease. Microbes also change the milk’s texture and flavor in desirable ways. Milk has a lot of nutrients‚ but the most important and readily available energy source is ‘lactose’ a sugar found almost nowhere else in nature. The microbes in the milk feed on this sugar‚ hence break it down converting it to lactic acid. Lactic acid retards the growth of most other microbes. They also
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fundamentally a protective response‚ the ultimate goal of which is to rid the organism of both the initial cause of cell injury (e.g.‚ microbes‚ toxins) and the consequences of such injury (e.g.‚ necrotic cells and tissues) The process of inflammation is usually described by the suffix “itis” [The components of the inflammatory reaction that destroy and eliminate microbes and dead tissues are capable of also injuring normal tissues. Therefore‚ injury may accompany entirely normal‚ beneficial inflammatory
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the light microscope. In 1883 Hans Christian Gram discovered an important staining method that is used extensively today. The stain is called the Gram Stain. This experiment was done in order to differentiate microbes into two basic groups: Gram positive microbes and Gram negative microbes. The purpose of this experiment was to learn the gram staining method and to observe the characteristics of gram negative and gram positive microorganisms. Materials: Microscope‚ Bunsen burner‚ glass slide pipette
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cross contamination 1. List 5 infection risks in the health care setting: exposure to bodily fluids incorrect hand washing technique poor staralisation not wearing protective equipment 2. What is a pathogen? A pathogen is a microorganism that can cause desease. 3. what are standard precautions? Standard precautions are a set of control practices to stop the spread of desease that can be captured by having contact with blood‚ bodily fluid‚ non-intact skin and mucous membranes. 4. what are additional
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Animal Husbandry Production and Global Climate Change Lou yujie Zhaoli Faculty of Animal Science and Technology‚ Jilin Agricultural University‚ Changchun‚ Jilin‚ 130118‚ China Abstract: The influence of methane and ammonia which come from animal production on global climate changes was discussed in this paper. Meanwhile‚ the author analyzed the effect of this change on agriculture and animal industry‚ and also analyzed its control measures in this article.. Key words: animal industry production
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Exam 2 Study Guide w/ Chapters 15‚ 16‚ 17 1) Innate Immunity (p.446): A defenses against pathogens that is present at birth. Two major lines of defense; 1. Physical : Skin (epidermis + dermis) and mucous membranes 2. Internal: Cell and chemicals that inactivate or kill invaders Adaptive immunity (p.446): The body’s ability to recognize and defend itself against distinct invaders and their products. 2) Five attributes of adaptive immunity (p.471) 1. Specificity: When the immune response acts
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foregut fermenter where the Foregut Fermeters has two parts (a tubiform and a sacciform fore stomach) containing lots of microbes. The stomach is bigger than that of a hindgut fermenter considering its usually a bigger animal‚ the stomach has an extra chamber to help devour glucose from the cellulose (the herbivores diet is largely cellulose and is broken down by the microbes) and nutrients and then produce fatty acids that the animal can use for energy‚ It also usually has a long small intestine
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antimicrobial chemicals‚ radiation‚ etc. The viable count is most common or standard method used to quantitate bacteria. With this method only microbes that are alive and able to reproduce can be counted. Since microbes grow into such large numbers it is extremely difficult to perform this without diluting the microbial culture first. A key concept here is the ability of microbes such as bacteria and fungi to form visible colonies when grown on solid media. This can also be used to count viruses but instead they
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Experiment 1: Microscopy of Living Microbes Purpose: To prepare students to familiarize themselves with the lab equipment such as the microscope‚ square glass‚ cover slips‚ etc.; to facilitate students to observe the pond water; and enable them to discern and identify the microbes as bacteria‚ algae‚ fungi‚ or protozoa within the pond water. Additionally‚ this lab experiment will permit students to observe and distinguish the yeast suspension from the other microbes. Data/Results: (Attached)
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effective it can be. For example‚ SCID is a fatal inherited disease caused by a defective disease‚ because of the absence of this enzyme it results in the absence of the immune system. This requires the patient to remain isolated and infections by microbes can cause these patients to die‚ whereas the normal immune system would easily fight them off. Gene therapy has treated 20 children since 2000‚ for this treatment researches would periodically remove
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