main objective of this experiment was to obtain some experimental measurement of Vapor Liquid Equilibrium for the Ethanol – Water system to verify the literature data. For this the Ethanol – Water system was heated to a certain temperature which is called the equilibrium temperature at atmospheric pressure and equilibrium temperature and compositions of vapor and liquid were measured. At the equilibrium temperature the samples of both vapor and liquid were taken in two different test-tube and the
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Chemical equilibrium is the point at which the concentrations of reactants and products do not change with time. It would appear as if the reaction has stopped‚ but in fact‚ the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal‚ causing the reactants and products to be created at the same rate. This can be expressed mathematically in the form of the equilibrium constant. The following is the general equation for a reversible chemical reaction: aA+bB →cC+dD
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PROBLEM SET 3 Problems for Chapter 3 1. Suppose the consumption function in the U.S. is represented by the following equation: C = 200 + .5 YD‚ where YD = Y – T and T = 200. a. What is the level of consumption in this economy if YD = 0? Briefly explain how individuals “pay for” this consumption when YD = 0. b. Given the above parameters‚ calculate the level of consumption if Y = 1200. Suppose Y increases to 1300. What happens to the level of YD as Y increases to 1300 (i.e. calculate
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offspring have the same genotype ratio as their parents. This example was one of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The next generation will express the same genotype ratio as their parents‚ and so on. But what exactly is needed to create Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (Basically‚ a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium s not evolving in any way.) Five specific factors are needed to create Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within a population- a very large population‚ isolation from other populations‚ no net mutations
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temperature before and after mixing was recorded and included in tables. When the experiments were completed analysis was performed using the laws of thermodynamics. The data collected was used in equations to find theoretical values for final equilibrium temperature. The theoretical values were compared with those measured during the experiment. The total average percent difference between the measured final temperature and the theoretical final temperature is less than 5.0%. This low deflection
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Chapter 1 Vectors‚ Forces‚ and Equilibrium 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to give you a qualitative and quantitative feel for vectors and forces in equilibrium. 1.2 Introduction An object that is not accelerating falls into one of three categories: • The object is static and is subjected to a number of different forces which cancel each other out. • The object is static and is not being subjected to any forces. (This is unlikely since all objects are subject to the force
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Determination of an Equilibrium Constant Abstract: In this experiment‚ two reactions were run to determine the molar absorptivity and the equilibrium constant of FeSCN2+. The main principles used in this lab are equilibrium‚ LeChatlier’s Principle‚ Beer’s Law and Spectrocopy. The first reaction was run to completion using LeChatier’s Principle and the second reaction was run to equilibrium. A spectrophotometer was used to measure absorbances. Using a graph of absorbance versus concentration
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farmers. Despite having higher than normal variable costs‚ the farmers cannot raise their prices to cover their total costs because in perfect competition the seller’s price is set by the market equilibrium price‚ giving consumers the ultimate purchasing power. If one farmer did not do well in covering their total costs because of variable costs‚ they cannot recover their costs by increasing price and therefore are price takers. Farmers have a large number of competitors with identical products and can’t
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Equilibrium Level of Income The Consumption and Saving Functions Consumption is the part of income spent on goods and services yielding direct satisfaction. It occupies the biggest chunk of the expenditure on output. Y= C+S Where Y= Income C= Consumption S= Saving Factors Influencing Consumption 1. Distribution of national income 2. Interst rate 3. Desire to hold cash 4. Price level 5. Population 6. Income 7. Taxes 8. Attitudes and values Consumption function is the relationship
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CHAPTER 11 QUESTIONS 1. Distinguish among depreciation‚ depletion‚ and amortization expenses. Depreciation refers to the cost allocation of tangible long-term assets; depletion refers to the cost allocation of natural resources; and amortization refers to the cost allocation of intangible assets. All three terms have similar underlying principles governing their use. 2. What factors must be considered in determining the periodic deprecation charges that should be made for a company’s depreciable
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