structure and organic compounds. Atomic Structure | Subatomic Particle | Charge | Location in an Atom | Proton | Positive | Nucleus | Neutron | Neutral | Nucleus | Electron | Negative | Spherical | Organic Compounds | Large Biological Molecule | Atoms it Contains | Monomer(s) | Function(s) in Living Organisms | Carbohydrates | C‚ H‚ and O | Monosaccharides | Source of energy | Lipid | C‚ H and O | Glycerol and fatty acids | Cushion and insulate organs; builds cell membranes |
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+3‚ +/-4‚ -3‚ -2‚ -1‚ 0 -example: -sodium (Na): -valence electrons = 1 -oxidation number = +1 -resulting ion = Na+1 Rule of oxidation numbers: the sum of all the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a molecule must equal zero‚ indications that the molecule is neutral. SHORTCUT: flip the oxidation numbers to get the final compound. Ionic bond: chemical bond that involves the transfer of electron(s) from one atom (metal) to another atom (nonmetal). -meaning the metal atom
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Questions Each question is worth 0.2 points. Total assignment is worth 5 points. 1. Describe the characteristics of ionic compounds and of molecular compounds. Ionic compounds have high melting points and conduct electricity well while covalent molecules have lower melting points and will not conduct electricity in a liquid state. 2. What types of particles are present as ionic bonds? Molecular compounds? Ionic bonding occurs between charged particles. These may be atoms or groups of atoms‚
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Chemistry 121 Worksheet 3 (Fall 2013) 1) Determine the mass‚ in g‚ of a) 7.34 mol N 2O 4 b) 3.16 ×1024 O 2 molecules c) 18.6 mol CuSO 4 ⋅ 5 H 2O d) 4.18 ×1024 molecules of C2 H 4 (OH) 2 e) a quantity of the amino acid lysine‚ C6 H14 N 2O 2 ‚ containing 3.03 mol N atoms 2) Determine the number of moles of a) N atoms in a sample of C7 H 5 (NO 2 )3 that has the same number of O atoms as 12.4 g C6 H12O6 b) Br2 in a sample consisting of 2.17 ×1024 Br atoms c) N atoms in 43.5 g
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ascertain from the H NMR the stereoselectivity taking place in the reaction. Since there is not coupling of the Hc’s on product B‚ one can assume that they are in a similar environment‚ thus deducing that they are on the same side‚ forming a meso molecule. The doublet of doublet formed by coupling of the methyl groups shows that they are in different environments too‚ strongly implying that the phenyl groups are likely both on one side‚ supporting the stereoselectivity of the product. References
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Discussion of experiment: Questions: 1) Why is this reaction “oxidative dimerization”? a. Dimerization is when two structurally similar molecules bond together to form a single compound. The term oxidative means either that a compound has lost an electron (is “oxidized”) or that a substance has bonded with an oxygen molecule. The dimer bond forms between two carbons that have each lost an electron and have one to share. The dimer bond does not involve an oxygen‚ so this is called
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component of the polymer. b. This polymer is hydrophilic. Give a plausible reason for this behavior. Your explanation should be based on the molecular structure of the polymer‚ the molecular structure of water‚ and the interactions between molecules of these two substances. You should use terms such as polarity‚ polar bond‚ charge‚ interactions‚ attractions‚ repulsions or hydrogen bonds. However‚ you should use only those terms that apply to this situation. The polymer is surrounded by hydrogens
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temporary composite of atoms or molecules that will eventually form the products of the rxn. = highest point on diagram is potential energy of this composite = energy needed to form this composite = activation energy 2. Activation Energy - minimum amount of energy needed to form the Activated Complex and start the chemical reaction 3. Catalyst = atom or molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction
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Avogardo’s number‚ 6.02 x 1023‚ is the number of particles found in one mole of a substance. The molar mass is the weight of one mole (or 6.02 x 1023 molecules) of any chemical compounds. All three of these components can complement each other when solving molar conversions‚ which are the steps taken to determine how many moles‚ atoms‚ grams‚ or molecules are in a substance. Aluminum has a density of 2.7 g/cm3‚ an atomic
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LAB 12 PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF HYDRATES Pre-Lab Questions: See page(s) 1 for calculations Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to learn how to determine the percent of water in a hydrate. Materials: Evaporating dish Ring stand Wire gauze Burner Crucible tongs Triple beam balance Copper(II) sulfate penta-hydrate Spatula Glass stirring rod Distilled water Procedures: See page(s) 1 and 2‚ for procedure steps 1-11 Observations and Data: 1. Mass of evaporating
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