Muscle spasms are involuntary contractions of muscles that are often very painful. Muscle spasms are also called cramps or referred to as a “Charley horse”. These contractions are most frequent on the leg muscles but can also occur in the hands‚ arms and abdomen. (www.webmd.com) Typically the muscles become very hard and tight. There are many causes of muscle spasms. The most common cause is overuse during athletic activities such as sports or general exercise. Other causes include not
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ids Acids‚ Bases‚ Buffers and Respiration Darlene E. McDonald WCCC Fall 2012 Ap Lab 071-07 Dr. Roxanne Levandosky August 31‚ 2012 I. INTRODUCTION: A.PURPOSE: a. To define and understand the key terms. ~acid ~buffer system ~base ~acidosis ~pH ~alkalosis ~pH scale ~hypoventilation ~pH indicators ~hyperventilation b. To determine the acidic or base nature and actual pH of various substances. c. To discuss the formation of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate ion
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McGowan Goldfish Respiration Lab Introduction The purpose of this experiment was to recognize the effects of temperature on the breathing rate of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Goldfish obtain oxygen from the water; the fish have to distribute the oxygen from the water into their bloodstream. This transfer of oxygen occurs over a surface area of capillary membranes contained in the feathery filaments of the gills located beneath the operculum. According to “The Respiration System of a Goldfish”
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percent of the planet’s surface‚ as stated in NASA’s Earth Observatory division. They use a process called photosynthesis‚ which allows plants to take energy from the Sun and later using it as food‚ as well as producing oxygen through the process of respiration. So how does it happen? The process of photosynthesis occurs as follows. First‚ the plant uses the sunlight and the green color in their leaves to make sugar from carbon dioxide‚ or CO2‚ which is in the air. At the same time‚ the soil provides water
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Lab: Cellular Respiration in Yeast Lab Report Form Your Name: “What do you think? – What do you know?” Questions: In this lab‚ we will investigate the effect of sucrose concentration on the rate of cellular respiration in yeast. Under specific conditions‚ yeast will convert sucrose into glucose and then use this glucose in cellular respiration. 1. Yeasts have been used by humans in the development of civilization for millennia. What is yeast? How have humans used yeasts? They are most
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Conclusions The amount of cellular respiration increases based on the amount of exercise. The equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 ⇒ 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP. Glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvate. The pyruvate then travels through the Kreb cycle and produces carbon dioxide. The oxygen travel through the electron transport train and produces water and energy. In order for the body to maintain homeostasis while exercising more oxygen is needed and cellular respiration increases. In return for a greater
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There are many different muscles groups that are used during exercise. Some of the main muscle groups are hamstrings‚ quads‚ glutes‚ and pectoral muscles. There are different muscle within each muscle group. In the hamstring muscles‚ there are three main muscles: semitendinosus‚ semimembranosus‚ and biceps femoris. In the quad muscles there are four main muscles: rectus femoris‚ vastus lateralis‚ vastus intermedius‚ and vastus medialis. There are three main muscles in the glutes: gluteus maximus
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Brittany Snell Nielson Bio 110 Oct-11-2013 Cellular Respiration All living organisms need energy to function and we get this energy from the foods we eat. The most efficient way for cells to harvest energy stored in food is through cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is defined as the aerobic harvesting of chemical energy from organic fuel molecules. Cellular respiration occurs in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It has three main stages: glycolysis‚ the
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States of Muscle Dystrophy and relation to Dystrophin Muscle dystrophy branches into many different kinds of muscle disease including myositis‚ multiple sclerosis and fibromyalgia. What makes it so important is that muscle dystrophy can be found in patients as young as infants and as old as adults. Also‚ some types of muscle dystrophy can be progressively disabling. Muscle diseases are present in infants and children because many of the diseases are hereditary. For example‚ Duchenne muscular dystrophy
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Any athlete has surely experienced a muscle cramp before and can tell you the indescribable pain they emit. The main question is what is a muscle cramp and how is it caused. Someone who frequently undergoes muscle cramps may also wonder ‘how do I prevent these?’ Muscle cramps can be a nuisance and may stope athletes or everyday people from doing what they like. When a muscle or group of muscles involuntarily contracts this is called a muscle cramp. A muscle contracting causes it to get smaller
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