Chapter 1 ELO’s Describe the basic functions of living organisms. A. Responsiveness – organisms respond to changes in their immediate environment (long term changes is adaptability) B. Growth – over a lifetime‚ organisms grow larger through an increase in size or number of cells. Differentiation is when cells have specialized functions C. Reproduction – Organisms reproduce‚ creating subsequent generations of similar organisms D. Movement – Organisms are capable of movement
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abuse. In their experiment‚ Anttila et al. (2008) tested if testosterone can regulate the aerobic capacity of skeletal muscles by injecting mice with certain amounts of testosterone and then studying the levels of myoglobin‚ a protein that plays a role in supplying oxygen to mitochondria during exercise. They demonstrated that the myoglobin concentration in skeletal muscles is directly related to testosterone. Therefore‚ an increase in testosterone will allow for more muscular potential. In addition
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Homeostasis Homeostasis Is a technical term for the process of maintain a constant internal environment despite external changes. The internal environment‚ compromises; blood‚ tissue fluid‚ body cell contents and all the metabolic processes taking place. Constant in this instance is not absolute or fixed it is much more flexible and dynamic as it refers to the physical and chemical composition being kept within a limited range or variables for maximum efficiency‚ well-being of the whole body and
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Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a group of genetic diseases involving progressive weakness and degeneration of the muscles that control movement. In some forms of MD‚ the heart muscles and other involuntary muscles‚ as well as other organs‚ are affected. There are 9 distinct types of MD. Myotonic MD is the most common form among adults‚ while Duchenne MD is the most common form among children (it affects only boys). Some are severe diseases at birth that lead to early death. Others follow very slow progressive
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during physical activity. Sodium‚ for example‚ plays a major role in muscle contraction and conduction of nerve impulses. Muscle contraction is directly related to the amount of the force a muscle can exert. Therefore‚ if there is a sodium deficit‚ the muscle will not be able to contract as well‚ decreasing the intensity at which you workout or perform. Exercise intensity is crucial in achieving muscular hypertrophy (gain in muscle mass). A sodium deficit in the body can also produce several negative
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National Library of Medicine. Effects of Physical Training on the Metabolism of the Skeletal Muscle is an article that was written and reviewed by other experts before it was published to ensure accuracy. The article provides in-depth research on daily exercise and training of the skeletal muscle. It also discusses a decrease in physical exercise and its effects on the muscles. The primary article states that muscles that are trained with moderate training exercise raise the amount of mitochondrial oxidative
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Lab / Muscle Fatigue What are the affects of anaerobic respiration on you muscles? Background Normally‚ muscles use oxygen through a process known as cellular/aerobic respiration to make energy (or ATP) from sugar (glucose). This process is very efficient and produces 38 ATPs for each molecule of glucose. Carbon dioxide and water are the results of this reaction. When muscles undergo rigorous exercise they require more oxygen to make ATP than the blood can supply. At this point the muscle is forced
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human body? To ensure that fluid levels inside and outside the cell are balanced. How does your electrolyte work in the functioning of nerves and muscles? Like athletes when they workout they lose salt by sweating. That’s why they try to contain salt before they work and after‚ to avoid cramps and such. The cramping effects the nerves and muscles‚ because they begin to shut down. As the salt in your body fades away. What are some of the specific health problems that can arise from an imbalance
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Exam III Study Guide Chapter 14 1) Fuel/energy needs for Physical Activity (different intensities)‚ during and post exercise -Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): o The energy-carrying molecule in the body (ATP must be generated continuously since muscles store only enough ATP for 1–3 secs of activity) -Creatine phosphate (CP): • Stores energy that can be used to make ATP • 3−15 seconds of maximal physical effort *(0-3 sec) 100% ATP/CP *(10-12 sec) 50% ATP/CP 50% Carbohydrates *(4-6 min)
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equate large muscles with strength‚ that is not necessarily so. Strength is not directly proportional to the size of a muscle. First‚ you need to decide which muscles you want to strengthen‚ then find the best way to exercise those muscles so they will respond with increased strength. Then keep increasing the weight load to challenge the muscles. For instance‚ add 1 pound now and another pound in a month‚ and so on. The more you load the muscles‚ the stronger they will become. Muscles respond quickly
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