answer: a. extracellular recordings of the action potential 3. An action potential is usually initiated in an axon at or near Your answer : c. the trigger zone Correct answer: d. all of the above 4. The initiation of an action potential in a sensory neuron in the body normally Your answer : d. occurs in the dendrites. Correct answer: a. follows a sufficiently
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randomly vs. fixed time intervals‚ and upon repetition. Introduction Our bodies react appropriately to changes that occur in the environment during our day-to-day activities. When responding‚ an external stimulus has to be detected by one or more neurons. These then send this sensory information to the nervous system where processing occurs. If a motor signal is started‚ it usually involves a number of action potentials‚ which lead to muscle contraction and movement of other parts of the body in reaction
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Much like cells are the fundamental unit of a living being‚ neurons are the fundamental unit of the nervous system. These neurons work together with other excitable cells to produce action potentials when they receive electrical or chemical stimuli. Action potentials can be thought of as an “all-or-nothing” event and occur as a large-scale depolarization when sodium and other positive ions rapidly enter the neuron through membrane channel proteins. Once initiated‚ action potentials travel down the
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The nervous system consists of the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and a complex network of neurons. This system is responsible for sending‚ receiving‚ and interpreting information from all parts of the body. The nervous system monitors and coordinates internal organ function and responds to changes in the external environment. This system can be divided into two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Let ’s take a look at the central nervous system. Central Nervous System The
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Neurodegenerative diseases is a common cause of dementia which means that the brain cells known at the neurons either are degenerating therefore the neuron die off quicker than that of the neurons of a normal aging processes. This will lead to a more decline in the persons mental health such as memory‚ language and sometimes their physical abilities all depending on which area of the brain is infected. These neurodegenerative diseases are known to us as Alzheimer’s‚ fronto-temporal dementia‚
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Effects of Neurotransmission on Human Behaviour A neurotransmitter is a chemical message that carries signals from one neuron (pre-synaptic) to another reaction neuron (post-synaptic) within the human body. Most of the time a neurotransmitter is released from the axon terminal after an action potential has reached the synapse. The neurotransmitter then crosses the synaptic gap to reach the receptor of the other cell. The process repeats itself‚ which then causes a. Neurotransmitters play a very
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Chapter 1 *Goals of psychology: 1. Description of behaviors- classifying & labeling behavior‚ 2. Understanding-Understanding the causes and why they occur‚ 3. Prediction-Accurately saying what may say in the future‚ 4 Control-Altering conditions to positively influence behavior.‚ psychology-the scientific study of behavior and mental processes-behavior(Overt) & mental processes (covert)‚ many research projects in psych begin with observations in real life *Pseudopsychology-Any unfounded “system”
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cortex – Inner cerebral medulla Cerebral Cortex •Your “thinking brain” •It’s convoluted (folded) to have more space •In general‚ the larger the cortex the more intelligent the species is…. Cerebral Cortex • Contains the cell bodies of neurons (gray matter) that control the voluntary activity of the body • The cortex is subdivided into 4 main lobe: – Frontal lobes (Control of muscle movement‚ the motor components of speech‚ abstract thinking & problem solving activity) – Parietal
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Neural & Synaptic Transmission The nervous system is made up of neurons and glila cells. Neurons are the basic communication links in the nervous system. Glila cell provide support for neurons and contribute to communication. Neurons normally transmit a neural impulse (an electric current) along an axon to a synapse with another neuron. The neural impulse is a brief change in neuron’s electrical charge that moves along an axon. It is an all-or-none event. Action potential triggers
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Stimulus Force (gf)(Motor neuron 1) 100 mV 0 200 mV 0 Voltage (mV) 300 mV 0 400 mV 0.102 500 mV 0.102 Effect of Stimulation Value on Twitch Contraction Force 1. What is the threshold stimulus? The minimal voltage that induces an action potential 2. What is the maximum force generated at the threshold stimulus? 0.102 3. How does increasing voltage above threshold stimulus affect force development? undefined Table 5: Muscle Length and Contraction Force Force( gf )( Motor neuron 1) Trial 1 Trial 2
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