people are satisfied with their work” (Warr‚ 2002‚ p. 1). Motivation is defined as “an internal state . . . giving rise to a desire or pressure to act” (Westwood‚ 1992‚ p. 288). According to Porter and Stress (1991‚ p. 8) earlier psychological perspective to motivation conceptualized the impulse to act as a goal to “maximise positive results and minimise negative results”. Organ (1977) described the extra-role activities as organizational citizenship behavior. Organ’s definition was a key to research
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What is Productivity? “A measure of the efficiency of a person‚ machine‚ factory‚ system‚ etc.‚ in converting inputs into useful outputs.” How to increase business productivity? Management can take following steps to increase business productivity. Reduce cost of production: By reducing cost of production we can increase productivity of our business. We can sell our goods at low price that will increase our sales that leads to high profitability. Increase production: Increase production will
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Phase III: Performance and Management A. Policy For Recognizing Employee Contributions The purpose of this report is to use the compensation system we previously developed in Phases I and II to pay people‚ develop plans that reward performance‚ add benefits into the mix‚ and evaluate these results. First we will look at performance-based-pay as a policy for recognizing employee contributions. Performance-based-pay is a pay plan that varies with some measure of individual or organizational performance
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------------------------------------------------- HRD Review Paper: “Performance Management Theory: A Look from the Performer’s Perspective with Implications for HRD” by Thomas W. Buchner‚ University of Minnesota (Published in Human Resource Development International‚ Vol. 10‚ No. 1‚ 59-73‚ March 2007) This article is a conceptual paper that looks into the construct of performance management and challenged and discussed it along two lines: to what degree does theoretical support for performance management exist as it is applied in organizations;
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INDIAN EMPLOYEES NEED A “MOTIVATIONAL PILL’’ It is rightly said that “Indian employees need a motivation pill” because without motivation Indian employee are not ready to work efficiently‚ now a day’s competition increases day by day according to the need of various parameters‚ so motivation is really important among employees. Of course motivation is not permanent‚ but it is something you should do on a regular basis for employees to motivate them. Indian employees have a common thought that
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Productivity is a measure of the efficiency of production. Productivity is a ratio of what is produced to what is required to produce it. Usually this ratio is in the form of an average‚ expressing the total output divided by the total input. Productivity is a measure of output from a production process‚ per unit of input. At the national level‚ productivity growth raises living standards because more real income improves people’s ability to purchase goods and services‚ enjoy leisure‚ improve housing
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paper explores the “best practices” of identifying and implementing quality philosophies within an organization. Identifying and documenting best practices serves as a learning tool for those who wish to implement and sustain value added quality processes to their organization in an efficient and effective manner‚ while also avoiding the pitfalls of processes that simply do not work. While this paper will specifically focus on the best practices of Total Quality Management (TQM); it is important to
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American Journal of Business and Management Vol. 1‚ No. 4‚ 2012‚ 202-207 Impact of Leadership Style on Organizational Performance: A Case Study of Nigerian Banks Ojokuku R. M1‚ Odetayo T. A2* and Sajuyigbe A. S3 1 Department of Management and Accounting‚ Ladoke Akintola University of Technology‚ Oyo State‚ Nigeria 2 Department of Accountancy‚ Osun State Polytechnic‚ Iree‚ Osun State‚ Nigeria 3 Department of Business Administration‚ Osun State Polytechnic‚ Iree‚ Osun State‚ Nigeria The
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This essay will give the main points of the effect of organizational structures on performance. It will define the term “organizational structure” and present the positive and negative effects of these structures on performance. This essay will address how structures determine procedures and rules by which are regulated human behaviour‚ its role in determining relationships in hierarchies and the importance of roles and expectations in directing employee behaviour. It will also underline the distinction
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Vision 2011: Rough Draft Angelina Helling Tak Shing Hung Andrew Macharia Claire MacLennan BA544: Organizational and Management Theories December 4‚ 2011 Dr. Rhonda Polak Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explain why reframing can be so important to a business. In today’s world‚ businesses must stay on top of the competition and in touch with the ever-changing world of technology. Over time‚ a business can become stagnant‚ may be running on cruise-control or run out of new ideas
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