supports and remove some of their dependency on family and friends‚ with personal assistance a primary target” (Barnes and Mercer 2010‚ p. 127). The independent living model has a strong reliance on personal assistance model that separates “the emotional from the physical activities” (Shakespeare 2006‚ p. 141). This creates certain limitations for certain people with impairment. While people with physical impairments “require basic tasks to be performed” (Shakespeare 2006‚ p. 141). People with intellectual
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Outline and evaluate two models of abnormality (12 marks) The essence of a psychodynamic approach is to explain behaviour in terms of its dynamics – i.e. the forces that drive it. The best known example of this approach is Freud. Freud believed that the origins of mental disorder lie in the unresolved conflicts or childhoods which are unconscious. Medical illnesses are not the outcome of physical disorders but of these psychological conflicts. Conflicts between the id‚ ego‚ and superego create
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Baddley’s working memory model explains what goes on inside the short-term memory and the working memory. It consists of two temporary storages for short-term memory depending on the type of information. The visuospatial sketchpad stores the visual and spatial images for manipulation. The phonological loop maintains auditory memory by speech rehearsal. Visual/spatial images and auditory information are stored in separate locations in working memory. Another component in Baddley’s model is the central
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Outline and evaluate the psychodynamic model of abnormality. (12 Marks) The psychodynamic model (which is based on Freud’s theories) states that abnormalities are results of a conflict which has gone wrong in the “psyche” (in the mind). Freud’s idea states that the psyche - which is made up of the (id‚ ego and superego)‚ should all work in perfect harmony with each other to avoid being an abnormal person. It is the idea that conscious thoughts and feelings are determined by the unconscious mind
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2012 3.1.6 Evaluate two models or theories of one cognitive process with reference to research studies. Two Theories for Memory: The Multi-Store Memory Model: Sensory Stores Information directly received from sensory input‚ i.e. sight/hearing. Attention determines which parts are transferred to Short Term Storage Short Term Stores (STS) Memory with highly limited capacity (10 seconds) Information is forgotten if not rehearsed/ encoded into long term memory. Long Term Stores (LTS) True
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Outline and evaluate research into types of attachment. Ainsworth conducted a study to observe types of attachment behaviours with occur between a mother and a child. She used observation to witness these behaviours. By placing the child in a set up play room with one way glass allowed natural behaviour to be observed without interference from the psychologist. Ainsworth used several situations including a mother a child and a stranger. Firstly the mother and the child entered the room‚ the child
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The multi-factorial model can be used in a variety of ways in psychology. It uses many genetic and lifestyle facts in order to help to diagnose or prevent future medical problems. The model can also be a great psychological tool to determine and help diagnose people with psychological disorders or those who could be prone to them. This model has helped psychology be able to better understand and manage many health problems. In order to understand how this works‚ we must first go into more detail
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potential strengths and limitations of this theory? a. The potential strengths would be clients using this type of therapy develop less dysfunction in their life and improve their life in different ways. They would reduce the stressors that are complicating their lives. The limitations that I see are if you extinguish one conditioned reflex you are replacing it with another one. There is also the fact that what can be learnt is limited to the client’s mental capacity. The other strengths
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Working memory model Central executive-has overall control of information from any sensory system. Controls the slave system ; decision maker Phonological loop- stores a limited number of speech based sounds; consists of the Phonological store – INNER EAR allows acoustically coded items to be stored for a brief period of time Articulatory control process- INNER VOICE allows sub vocal repetition of the items in the phonological store. Visuo-spatial scratch pad –stores visual and spatial
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that the ABCX model focuses on how the family can cope with the stress they are facing‚ which can help determine interventions and desired outcomes for the family. The A stands for the event‚ or stressor‚ that the family is facing; B is the strengths and resources the family possesses; C is the individual perception of the events; and X is the final outcome of the ABCs‚ allowing the advanced practice nurse to determine if the crisis is high or low. The primary strength of the ABCX model is that it
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