and chemical properties in terms ofstructure and behaviour. Nitration test (test for the presence of aromatic ring)‚ Bromine test (test for the presence of unsaturation)‚ and Basic oxidation test (test for an alkyl substituted benzine) were done. We were given an unknown which we tested (Nitration‚Bromine‚ Basic oxidation) and found out that it was an aromatic unsaturated hydro carbon. Keywords: hydrocarbons‚ hexane/ cyclohexane‚ cyclohexene‚ naphthalene‚ toluene 1. Introduction
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Compared to other samples‚ sample 4 had the highest absorbance readings. There wasn’t any enzymes in the blank sample because there wasn’t any enzyme samples in that tube. Hence‚ the oxidation process did not occur and the products weren’t formed‚ not resulting in significant change of absorbance reading. On the other hand‚ all other sample showed enzyme activity through decreased in their absorbance. Samples 2 and 3 had the greatest
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organisms • All organisms use cellular respiration to extract energy from organic molecules Cellular respiration • Digestion – enzymes breaking down large macromolecules into smaller ones. • Cellular respiration is a series of reactions • Oxidations – loss of electrons • Dehydrogenations – lost electrons are accompanied by protons – A hydrogen atom is lost (1 electron‚ 1 proton) Redox • During redox reactions‚ electrons carry energy from one molecule to another • Nicotinamide adenosine
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21 © JAK CHEMISTRY LEVEL 3C (CHM 315109) CORROSION (CRITERION 5) INTRODUCTION: Corrosion is a general term referring to the DESTRUCTIVE OXIDATION OF METALS caused by oxidising agents in the surrounding chemical environment. The most commonly encountered form of corrosion is rusting which is the term specifically applied to the destructive oxidation of iron and steel. (The term rust is only to be used with respect to iron and steel). Practically all metals will undergo corrosion and even the
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Chemical equations are the symbolic representations of chemical reactions that are made up of reactants and products. It is made up of the chemical formulas of the reactants and the chemical formula of the products. The reactants are the substances or chemicals that takes part in during a reaction and the products are the chemicals are the substances that result from the chemical reaction. Reactants are on the left side of the chemical equation and the products are on the right side of the chemical
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B. Chromic Acid Test/ Jones Oxidation This test is based on the reduction of chromium(IV)‚ which is orange‚ to chromium(III)‚ which is green‚ when an alcohol is oxidized by the reagent. A change in color of the reagent from orange to green represents a positive test. Primary alcohols are oxidized by the reagent to carboxylic aicds; secondary alcohols are oxidized to ketones. Tertiary alcohols are not oxidized at all by the reagent. Hence‚ this reaction can be used to distinguish tertiary alcohols
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The hydride reacts with water to give hydrogen gas. The element X could be? A. K B. Ca C. N D. O 4. Which metal reacts with concentrated NaOH to produce hydrogen gas? A. Al B. Cu C. Fe D. MG 5. In which pair does the named element have the same oxidation number? A. Sulfur in H2S2O7 and H2SO4 B. Mercury in Hg2+ and Hg22+ C. Oxygen in Na2O2 and H2O D. Cobalt in Co(NH3)62+ and Co(NO3)2
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body are used profusely and the athlete will undergo anaerobic pathways of energy. Therefore at the beginning of the race‚ in order to attain a large amount of ATP or energy in the most efficient way‚ the body perform lipid catabolism via the beta-oxidation pathway. Fats are used as the body does not require energy to be released rapidly until the point when the athlete achieves a relatively stable “metabolic pace.” The production of ATP is quicker from glucose than from fatty acids though‚ from anaerobic
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biological oxidation capacity of a wastewater‚ it is not a measure of the total potential oxidation of the organic compounds present in the wastewater. A number of chemical tests are used to measure this parameter‚ either in terms of the oxygen required for virtually complete oxidation‚ or in terms of the element carbon. Probably the most common test for estimating industrial wastewater strength is the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Test. This test essentially measures the chemical oxidation of the
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alkaline conditions (the Biuret test) with the oxidation of aromatic protein residues. The Lowry method is best used with protein concentrations of 0.01–1.0 mg/mL and is based on the reaction of Cu+‚ produced by the oxidation of peptide bonds‚ with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (a mixture of phosphotungstic acid and phosphomolybdic acid in the Folin–Ciocalteu reaction). The reaction mechanism is not well understood‚ but involves reduction of the Folin reagent and oxidation of aromatic residues (mainly tryptophan
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