Critical Analysis of “Phaedo” by Plato Much of the Phaedo by Plato is composed of arguments for the nature of the physical world and how it relates to the after life‚ for example‚ the way our senses perceive the world and how indulging in those senses has negative consequences in our after lives. These arguments find basis in scientific analysis of the time as well as the mythos of the his age. One of the key talking points within the story is the theory of forms. The aforementioned theory
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doubted everything‚ including his own existence‚ and that doubt itself is the only certainty. Accordingly‚ he assumed that his thoughts were the only thing not to be doubted. The answer to his existence was his cogito argument‚ “I think‚ therefore I am”; ‘cogito ergo sum’. This means that the existence of a thinking substance is necessary in order to do the thinking‚ and in order to think one must therefore exist. Descartes argues for the existence of the soul which does the thinking‚ as once you
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help us by preventing evil. The argument of evil basically states that God and evil cannot coincide. There are two types of evil; moral‚ which is carried out by humans through immoral actions that cause pain and suffering such as murder‚ rape and so forth. Natural evil is the second type which occurs through inevitable phenomenon’s such as natural disasters; hurricanes‚ tsunamis and diseases are a few (Sober‚ 120). The argument from evil is a deductively valid argument and states the following premises;
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product of human imagination. On the other hand‚ there are certain group of thinkers who insist that God is a reality that exist and must be given due consideration. Thus‚ the onus lies on the one who affirms the existence of God to explain who or what this God is and to prove his existence.
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One of the most interesting arguments for the Existence of God comes from Anselm and the Ontological argument. According to the Ontological argument‚ there is no reason to go out and look for physical evidence of God’s existence. The ontological argument is based completely on reason and comes from the concept of a “being than which no greater can be conceived.” Anselm suggested that if such a “being” does not truly exist then a greater being can be conceived. But how does this make any sense? Nothing
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different conclusions. The author of the first argument claims that God does in fact exist and he is also infinite. The author of the second argument claims that humans are not capable of comprehending the idea of infinite‚ therefore we cannot argue that God is infinite or that he exists at all. Finally‚ Descartes claims that by The Method of Doubt‚ God is the one idea that cannot be doubted. Therefore‚ the disputed question in these three arguments is the existence of God and the idea of infinite. Descartes
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from the existence of evil in our world and how they expose the inconsistencies of God’s attributes with his creation‚ but Gottfried Leibniz counters those arguments with theodicy by explaining that the very existence of evil is necessary for the propagation of the greater
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the human thought. It was the first ever real science‚ and it served as a springboard for many of the fields studied today‚ such as psychology and traditional science. One of the most primitive and early arguments presented in psychology was the ontological argument: the argument for the existence of a God (Pojman). People wanted to be able to explain the world around them‚ and more importantly people wanted to have direction in their life. The desire for an all powerful being stems from the real
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between Socrates and one of his closest friends Crito. The entire dialogue takes place in Socrates prison cell‚ where he awaits execution. Crito visits Socrates before dawn in order to persuade him to escape from prison and flee to another city or country. Crito has made all the necessary arrangements to smuggle Socrates out of prison to safety. To Crito’s despair Socrates seems quite willing to accept his execution‚ and so Crito presents as many arguments as he can to persuade Socrates to escape
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especially philosophers‚ whose trained souls are not as polluted or impure. Their souls will “join a social and gentle group”‚ in other words‚ they will go to a happier destination. Like Socrates‚ who was expecting to join the Gods‚ “who are very good masters” ‚ Plato sees no reason to fear death. More importantly‚ he believes the soul is immortal. He was a dualist‚ and thus claiming that soul and body are two separate entities. The body is mortal and changes‚ while the soul is immortal and unchangeable.
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