Cosmological arguments Kalam cosmological argument The aim of this argument is to show that the universe had a beginning in the finite past. The argument battles against the existence of an infinite‚ temporal regress of past events which implies a universe that has infinitely existed. This argument implies the existence of a First Cause. The form of the argument is: 1. Whatever begins to exist has a cause. 2. The universe began to exist. 3. Therefore‚ the universe has a cause. Thomistic cosmological
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Environmental Ethics Gaia Hypothesis (eco-holism) James Lovelock argues that we are part of planet earth and not masters of it. He argued for the existence of ’Gaia’ - a living system which controls the earth and keeps everything constant. Lovelock says that Gaia keeps the planet at a constant state of management. Lovelock says we shouldn’t be anthropocentric (focussing solely on ourselves) but biocentric‚ and says that Gaia restores balance to the imbalance caused by humans. The earth is‚ Lovelock
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This paper will seek to summarize and analyze Richard Taylor’s "cosmological argument." In the cosmological argument as presented by Richard Taylor he states that there is an explanation behind everything regardless of whether it is teleological or not‚ and that the universe requires an explanation. This is known principle of sufficient reason. In his argument he states: “-there is some explanation for the existence of anything whatever‚ some reason why it should exist rather than not. The sheer
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Meditations on First Philosophy‚ Descartes discusses the existence of God. Descartes believes in God and provides two arguments that support his theory. His supporting evidence is that he possess a clear idea of God and second that any cause must be at least as great as it effect. Descartes convinces the reader hat he believes in God‚ but not that God exist. Descartes’ argument fails to be completely convincing because he assumes all people possess the same innate ideas about God and a cause isn’t always
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In addition‚ these changes can be further distinguished in Descartes belief that he can develop assertions of existence from his conception of ‘I think.’ For Descartes‚ res cogitans is established to be a finite substance. However‚ he concludes that an infinite substance‚ God‚ could not have originated in himself and therefore must be the cause of this idea‚ which results in God necessarily existing - ‘the idea that enables me to understand a supreme deity‚ eternal‚ infinite‚ omniscient‚ omnipotent
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Where do we come from? Around the world‚ there are numerous religions and scientific theories that attempt to explain how our universe began. The information contained below will attempt to outline the Big Bang theory and the Cosmological Argument. In 1929 an astronomer named Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe is expanding the same in all directions and from this conceived the Big Bang Theory (Craig 30). Everything in the universe is expanding outward. This implies that at some point in the
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religious philosophy and the theory of religion. Each of the exemplary mystical verifications has been resuscitated and refined‚ exhibited in changed shape and safeguarded anew. Whether any of these contentions for the presence of God is fruitful‚ obviously‚ stays questionable. Pascal’s Wager is a contention for confidence in God construct not in light of an engage proof that God exists but instead in view of a speak to self-interest. It is to our greatest advantage to have faith in God‚ the contention
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Reason and the Existence of God Denys Turner University of Cambridge Contents Preface Acknowledgements Part I The ‘shape’ of reason 1 2 3 4 5 6 Clarifications and issues Negative theology and natural theology The darkness of God and the light of Christ Intellect Reason and rhetoric The ‘shape’ of reason page ix xvii 3 26 48 75 89 108 Part II Univocity‚ ‘difference’ and ‘onto-theology’ 7 8 9 Univocity and inference: Duns Scotus God‚ grammar‚ and difference Existence and God 125 149 169
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is‚ God must be considered. He/she must be taken out of a religious concept and proven to exist‚ exist in a way in which we cannot be deceived into only thinking is real. The proof of the existence of God in this way forms the backbone of Descartes’ further forays into proving what is reality. God‚ being the supremely powerful‚ all-knowing all-seeing force that created the world and everything in it‚ was central in most 17th century philosophies. When investigating the importance of god in Descartes’
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This book written by author‚ William J. O’Malley asks the questions about God and the existence of God. O’Malley tries to show people why faith in a God is important and in this book he goes through atheism‚ science‚ and different world religions to make a case for the profound significance of God. He debates the belief and unbelief of if there really is a God and why it matters to decide what a person believes. In the first chapter‚ O’Malley talks about human nature and the question of "Are
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