Biology- cell organelles assignment Animal cells: Introduction: An animal cell is called a eukaryotic cell; it has a cell membrane‚ cytoplasm and a nucleus. The cell surface is covered by a membrane only. The cell membrane is strong and keeps the cell together even though it is thin and flexible. The cell membrane also controls what goes in and out of the cell e.g. nutrients go in and waste comes out. The cytoplasm is inside the nucleus and it controls the cells activities. An animal is
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respiration. Lactic acid: poisonous causes cramp causes oxygen debt EPOC = excess post oxygen consumption means if someone exercises hard you will see their breathing and heart rate will take time to return to a normal resting rate. Photosynthesis ….. is the process where plants use to make glucose. In this process light energy used to combine with carbon dioxide and water . Word equation= carbon dioxide + water =
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Describe the role of the citric acid cycle as a central metabolic mechanism. Explain what happens to the cells’ abilities to oxidize acetyl CoA when intermediates of the cycle are drained off for amino acid biosynthesis. Glucose is a source of energy that is metabolized into glycolysis to pyruvate yielding ATP. To become more efficient‚ pyruvate must be oxidized into carbon dioxide and water. This combustion of carbon dioxide and water to generate ATP is called cellular respiration (Tymoczko‚
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substances into and out of the cell Mitochondria Most energy is released by respiration here Ribosomes Protein synthesis happens here Extra parts of plant cells Part Function Cell wall Strengthens the cell Chloroplasts Contain chlorophyll‚ which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis Permanent vacuole Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid Bacterial Cells A bacterium is a single-celled organism. A bacterial cell has a different structure to an animal or plant cell. It has cytoplasm
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contain something animals cells do not‚ which is chloroplast. Plants use photosynthesis to gather energy. Photosynthesis is the conversion of sunlight to energy which occurs inside of a plant. Without chloroplasts‚ photosynthesis would not be possible. Chloroplasts are large‚ double membrane bound structures. They are usually around five micrometers across. These structures contain a substance called chlorophyll‚ which absorbs sunlight. Photosynthesis is actually carried out by structures inside additional
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BIO 101 Lecture Notes for Respiration‚ Fermentation‚ and Photosynthesis Respiration During aerobic respiration‚ glucose is completely oxidized (all H’s removed) leaving CO2 as an endproduct. The H’s are taken by coenzymes (NAD and FAD) to the electron transport chain. There the energy is drained from the hydrogen electrons and the energy is used to make ATP. The H’s are ultimately accepted by O2 to make H2O as an endproduct. Respiration occurs in three major stages: 1) Glycolysis
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Compare and Contrast Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Opposites in photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Is that photosynthesis is taking in carbon dioxide and water by absorbing energy from the sun and then release oxygen and storing glucose. In cellular respiration glucose and oxygen enters and they are converted into carbon dioxide‚ water and ATP energy. But they work alike because they both have electron transport chains and similarly ATP.
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to the 5 carbon sugar rubisco bisphosphate‚ instead of carbon dioxide as in the process of photosynthesis. It is the alternate pathway used by the enzyme. This enzyme being both a carboxylase and an oxygenase does not have the capability to differentiate between the carbon dioxide molecule or the oxygen molecule as a result of which it can assist in both the reaction of photorespiration and photosynthesis‚ even though they are the opposite pathways. In general RubisCO favours carbon dioxide to oxygen
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MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE UMUDIKE (MOUAU) COLLEGE OF CROP AND SOIL SCIENCE (CCSS) DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY A TERM PAPER WRITTEN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE CGB 514 (CYTOGENETICS) TOPIC: PLANT CELL ORGANELLES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS‚ THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL BY ONUMAEGBU BRIGHT C MOUAU/08/11351 LECTURE: DR J N EKA
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first to live on earth they appeared around 3.5 billion year ago and the Eukaryotic appear around 2.1 billion year after (Campbell Essential Biology‚ 2012). The eukaryotic structure consists of the following organelle which includes mitochondria‚ chloroplast‚ the endoplasmic reticulum‚ the Golgi apparatus‚ lysosomes and nucleus. These organelles perform a specific function that help the cell survive. The organelles are separated from the rest of the cellular space by a membrane; it is like having a
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