Cn(H20)n. They are made up of individual molecules called monomers which are joined together by condensation reactions to make a longer chain called a polymer. Carbohydrates are categorised in to three main groups; monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are single sugars and are sweet tasting soluble substances such as glucose and fructose which are the building blocks for all carbohydrates. They are used as energy in respiration by being broken down in to carbon dioxide
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happens again to get the two carbohydrates to come together‚ making one big carbohydrate. The names monosaccharide‚ disaccharide‚ and polysaccharide all refer to how many carbohydrates are in it. Mono‚ which is Latin for one‚ has just one carbohydrate‚ di means two‚ and poly means many‚ so‚ monosaccharides have one carbohydrate‚ disaccharide has to‚ and polysaccharides have many carbohydrates. All of these different carbohydrates have at least one thing in common. They all have some form of glucose
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the contents of each test tube down the sink and flood with water. Wash out and dry each test tube and ready them for the next exercise. Title: Lugol’s Test for Starch Testable Question: Are all carbohydrates polysaccharides? Hypothesis: If a carbohydrate is a polysaccharide‚ then it will react with the reagent and change color. Variables: a) Independent: The type of carbohydrate b) Dependent: Color change Control: Water Materials: - 4 mL of each solution (Water‚
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monomers. Enzymes are a type of protein that catalyzes or speeds up chemical reactions. The simplest and smallest carbohydrate is called a monosaccharide or simple sugar‚ and is a single monomer. Disaccharides are two monomers joined together and polysaccharides have three or more. Hydrolysis is a process that breaks down chains of polymers into monomers. In this experiment‚ we Benedict’s reagent was used both before and after hydrolysis‚ to identify reducing sugars‚ which includes both monosaccharaides
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Disaccharides Sucrose A crystalline disaccharide of fructose and glucose‚ C12H22O11‚ found in many plants but extracted as ordinary sugar mainly from sugarcane and sugar beets‚ widely used as a sweetener or preservative and in the manufacture of plastics and soaps‚ also called saccharose. Sucrose is one of the main products of photosynthesis and the most common transport sugar in plants. It is also a no reducing disaccharide‚ and is synthesized in the cytosol via the phosphorylated intermediate
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Galactose‚ Fructose ~disaccharides have the chemical formula C12H22O11‚ consist of two monosaccharides which are joined by the process of dehydration synthesis (during while a molecule of water is formed) -Maltose‚ Lactose‚ Sucrose ~ polysaccharides polymers of carbohydrates‚ three or more monosaccharides joined together through the process of dehydration synthesis. -Cellulose‚ Glycogen‚ Starch 3.2.4 Glucose-chemical fuel for cell respiration Lactose- makes up some of the slutes in
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Monosaccharide also called SIMPLE SUGAR‚ any of the basic compounds that serve as the building blocks of carbohydrates. Monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones; that is‚ they are molecules with more than one hydroxyl group (-OH)‚ and a carbonyl group (C=O) either at the terminal carbon atom (aldose) or at the second carbon atom (ketose). The carbonyl group combines in aqueous solution with one hydroxyl group to form a cyclic compound (hemi-acetal or hemi-ketal). Monosaccharides are
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The structural features of carbohydrates account for the fact that a wide variety of polysaccharides exist is pentoses and hexoses. The examples of pentose are ribose‚ deoxyribose‚ ribulose and xylulose. The examples of hexose are glucose which is found in fruits‚ fructose which is found in milk and galactose which is found in honey. Both pentoses and hexoses are mostly found in monosaccharides. They are the most simplest sugar which cannot be futher hydrolysed into smaller units. They contain
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water‚ potassium iodide is added‚ forming triiodide (MEL Science‚ 2015). When reacted with starch attach to structures within a starch molecule‚ leading to a blue-black colour (Ophardt‚ 2003). Starch is a carbohydrate‚ which contains two types of polysaccharides that are connected in two different ways‚ linear amylose and branched amylopectin (Goedecke‚ 2016). When iodine reacts with amylose‚ the iodine ‘gets stuck’ in the starch coils‚ forcing the ion/iodine to become linear as well as changing the electron
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support in cells. There are three classifications for Carbohydrates: monosaccharides‚ disaccharides‚ and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simple sugars. Two monosaccharides make a disaccharide. Three or more monosaccharides are a polysaccharide. Glucose‚ fructose‚ and galactose are monosaccharides. Sucrose‚ lactose‚ and maltose are disaccharides. Starch and glycogen are polysaccharides. Simple sugars can be found by using Benedict’s test. Starch will react with IKI to give a dark blue
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