Butan-1-ol Butan-2-ol 2-methylpropan-2-ol Potassium permanganate solution‚ KMnO4(aq) (0.01 mol/L) Concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ HCl(aq) (12 mol/L) *Alcohols are flammable and should be kept away for heat sources or sources of ignition. They also should be used in a well-ventilated area. *Concentrated hydrochloric acid is very corrosive and should be handled under a fume hood and by a teacher. The teacher should be notified if any spills occur. *Potassium permanganate is corrosive and can stain
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oxidizing agent used is alkaline potassium permanganate (VII). Benzyl alcohol is refluxed with potassium permanganate in water. The mixture is hot filtered to remove manganese dioxide and then allowed to cool. Reaction between the alcohol with the oxidizing agent will produce sodium salt (i.e sodium benzoate)‚ which on acidification with hydrochloric acid will produce benzoic acid. Objective To prepare benzoic acid from benzyl alcohol. Materials Sodium hydroxide‚ potassium permanganate‚ benzyl alcohol
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and a solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4). Equipment: • 4 test tubes • Test-tube rack • 4 pipettes Safety: safety glasses must be worn to prevent injury to the eyes. Ensure room is well ventilated whilst using the hydro carbons. Method: 1. Place 1 ml of sample A (cyclohexane) into a test tube containing 4 mls of the bromine water solution. Record observations of any reaction. 2. Place 1 ml of sample A (cyclohexane) into a test tube containing 4 mls of the potassium permanganate solution
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1. Determining the concentration of KMnO4 from the solution created by the stockroom. 16H+ + 2MnO4- (aq) + 5C2O42- (aq) → 2Mn2+ (aq) + 10CO2 (g) + 8H2O (l) Volume of potassium manganate (KMnO4) = 32.5 mL Mass of Sodium Oxalate (NaC2O4): 0.104 [KMnO4] Calculation: = (0.104g of NaC2O4)(1 mol NaC2O4 /134.0g)(2 mol KMnO4 / 5 mol NaC2O4)(1/32.5 mL)(1000 mL /1L) = 0.00955 M KMnO4 2. Using the standardized concentration of KMnO4 calculated above to find the mass percentage of the oxalate ion Equation:
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Group 2 metals. All the alkali metals react vigorously with halogens to produce salts‚ most important NaCl and KCl. Sodium Chloride is used as a preservative for meat and to melt the ice on the roads. KCl is important for plant fertilizers since potassium helps plant growth. The metal halides form white ionic crystalline solids. They are all soluble in water except LiF because of a high lattice enthalpy due to the electrostatic attraction between Li+ and F- ions. All halogens are quite reactive
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prepared curve‚ determine the concentrations for control and patient specimens. Materials and Reagents: 2ml 1M Sulfuric Acid 2ml of 0.1M Potassium Dichromate Distilled Water Pipettes Volumetric Flask Test Tubes Procedure: 1. Prepare 1 ml glucose solution and place in test tubes 2. Add 2ml of 1M Sulfuric Acid solution 3. Add 2ml of 0.1M Potassium Dichromate solution 4. Start timing until the color disappear Results and Discussion: The fastest concentration of glucose to
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hemochromogen test‚ in which ferrous iron from hemoglobin reacts with pyridine to produce red feathery crystals of pyridine ferroprotoporphyrin. Another confirmatory test uses the Teichman reagent‚ consisting of a solution of potassium bromide‚ potassium chloride and potassium iodide in glacial acetic acid‚ and is heated to react with hemoglobin. The reaction first converts the hemoglobin to hemin‚ and then the halides react with the hemin to form characteristic brownish-yellow rhomboid crystal BLOOD
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structures of the solute and the solvent. b. Classify the solute and the solvent as polar‚ nonpolar or ionic. c. Identify the solute-solute‚ solvent-solvent and solute-solvent attractive forces. Lewis Structures Solutes: NaCl Naphthalene Glycerol Potassium Iodide Iodine Crystal Solvents: Distilled water Ethyl Alcohol Toluene Solutions Polar‚ Non-Polar or Ionic Attractive Forces NaCl + Distilled Water Solute NaCl Solute-solute Solute-solvent Solvent Distilled water Solvent-solvent
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Aim: To observe the effect of temperature on the rate of the iodine clock reaction using ammonium persulfate Assessment criteria: Design Variables: Table 1.1: List of dependent and independent variables. S.No | Dependent variables | Independent variables | Controlled variables | 1. | Rate of reaction | Temperature | Concentration | 2. | - | - | Pressure | 3. | - | - | Volume | Hypothesis: The iodine
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components. * To standardize potassium permanganate solution KMNO4‚ which then be used for titration of iron unknown solution. * To write the net ionic equations of redox reaction carried out in this experiment. * Concept of experiments: * A standard KMNO4 solution‚ used in this experiment as titrant‚ cannot be prepared directly by dissolving of a known amount of solid KMNO4 because this reagent is a very strong oxidizing agent. Solutions of potassium permanganate are unstable and their
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