Katie Smith April 11‚ 2013 Competitive Nucleophiles Introduction The purpose of this experiment was to compare the nucleophilicities of chloride and bromide ions toward the n-butyl and t-pentyl alcohols. We were able to analyze this by using refractometry to measure the amounts of alkyl chloride and alkyl bromide in each reaction. Experiment Scheme (Procedure A) To begin the experiment‚ we assembled a reflux apparatus in the fume hood with a 100 mL round bottom flask and a condenser
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DEHYDRATION OF 4-METHYLCYCLOHEXANOL PURPOSE Perform an acid-catalyzed dehydration of 4-methylcyclohexanol to produce 4-methycyclohexene. TECHNIQUES • Dehydration of an alcohol • Preparation of an alkene • Distillation • Unsaturation tests THEORY An acid-catalyzed dehydration is a common way to synthesize an alkene from an alcohol. Use of a strong acid like sulfuric or phosphoric acid serves to protonate the alcohol "OH" group‚ forming an H2O molecule that is a much better leaving group
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out an order that if there is any influences and which of these temperatures make the biggest influence. Objects Experiment A: There will be six test tubes are set up‚ which contains one control variable and five different types of substrates: Cyclohexanol‚ (1‚ 4) - Cyclohexandiol‚ (1‚ 2) - Cyclohexanediol‚ Catechol‚ Resourcinol. The darkness of these five test tubes will be the depended variables. Experiment B: There will be eleven test tubes are set up‚ which contains one control variable and
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Organic Chemistry - Introduction 1 2812 Basic definitions for organic chemistry Scope Organic chemistry is a vast subject so it is easier to split it into small sections for study. This is usually done by studying compounds which behave in a similar way because they have a particular atom‚ or group of atoms‚ (FUNCTIONAL GROUP) in their structure. Catenation The ability to form bonds between atoms of the same element. Carbon catenates to form chains and rings‚ with single‚ double
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Synthesis and Structure of Alcohols Alcohols can be considered organic analogues of water. H O H R O H Alcohols are usually classified as primary‚ secondary and tertiary. H R H OH H primary R R OH R R OH OH R secondary tertiary phenol Alcohols with the hydroxyl bound directly to an aromatic (benzene) ring are called phenols. Nomenclature of Alcohols (Normally any compound’s name which ends in –ol is an alcohol of some sort) IUPAC rules that:
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Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories N2O EMISSIONS FROM ADIPIC ACID AND NITRIC ACID PRODUCTION A C K N O WL E D G E M E N T S This paper was written by Heike Mainhardt (ICF Incorporated) and reviewed by Dina Kruger (USEPA). ABSTRACT Nitrous oxide (N2O) is generated as a by-product during the production of adipic acid and nitric acid. The main use for adipic acid is as a component of nylon-6/6; thus production trends are closely correlated
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Compilation of “Dehydration of Methylcyclohexanol” Blog entries: A common Sophomore Organic Chemistry laboratory experiment that has great potential for further research is the acid catalyzed dehydration of simple alcohols. The classic dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol experiment that was introduced in Journal of Chemical Education in 1967 Taber(1967)JCE:44‚p620. The rather simple procedure of distilling an alcohol with an aqueous acid has spawned several investigations that have resulted
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alcohol with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Q6. Explain why the solution became milky white in appearance after adding 11 M HCl(aq) to the tertiary butyl alcohol. Q7. A student is given two alcohols with which to perform Lucas Test. These are cyclohexanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol. The bottles containing each alcohol are labelled‚ but the propettes used are not. The student accidentally muddles the propettes. When drops of each alcohol are mixed with Lucas. Reagent and kept at 27 °C‚ both solutions
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25 18. Reactions of organic compounds 26 19. Preparation of cyclohexene from cyclohexanol 27 20. Preparation of 1‚3-dinitrobenzene 28 21. Hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes 29 22. Alcohols and phenol 30 23. Preparation and purification of aspirin 31 24. Structure determination
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DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN ADVANCED CHEMISTRY IV- Euler LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson‚ students are expected to: Write the IUPAC name of certain alcohol compounds; SUBJECT MATTER Topic: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid References: General‚ Organic and Biochemistry by Denniston‚ Topping and Caret. Page 283-289. Fundamentals of General‚ Organic and Biochemistry by John R. Holum. Page 418-425. Materials: Ball and stick model of compounds Overhead projector Textbooks Pictures of certain
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