Alkali Metals Introduction Alkali metals refer to six elements belonging to the Group IA of the long form of the Modern Periodic Table‚ viz. Lithium (Li)‚ Sodium (Na)‚ Potassium (K)‚ Rubidium (Rb)‚ Cesium (Cs) and Francium (Fr). Fr is a radioactive element. These elements are called so because they form strongly alkaline oxides and hydroxides. Electronic Configuration of Alkali Metals Each of the alkali metals has one electron in their outermost (valence) shell‚ which is just outside an inert
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Using two drops from chemical 1 and two drops of chemical two‚ unless otherwise stated‚ then recording the type of physical reaction or color changes that occurred. Well#/questions Chemicals Reactions A NaHCO 3 and HCI - C0 2 When combined Sodium Bicarbonate and Hydrochloric Acid‚ Carbon Dioxide is produced. The two chemicals do not undergo a change in color but a chemical change when CO2 is produced. B HCI and BTB When Hydrochloric acid and Bromothymal blue are combined there is a physical
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Determination of the mole ratio of a chemical reaction The method of continuous variations is a means of determining the stoichiometric mole ratio of the reactants in a chemical reaction. The stoichiometric ratio‚ as given by the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation‚ represents the ratio at which chemicals must be combined to produce all product with no excess reactant. Since there is no “wasted” reactant‚ the maximum amount of product is made for the given amount of both reactants
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Bacterial leaf blight Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae The bacterium is aerobic‚ gram negative‚ non spore forming‚ rod with size ranging from 1-2 x 0.8-1.0µm with monotrichous polar flagellum. Bacterial colonies are circular‚ convex with entire margins‚ whitish yellow to straw yellow colored and opaque. Favorable Conditions Clipping of tip of the seedling at the time of transplanting Heavy rain‚ heavy dew‚ flooding‚ deep irrigation water Severe wind and temperature of 25-30 C Symptoms: Seedlings
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Some common antiseptics[edit] A bottle of ethanol (95%) - an antiseptic Alcohols Most commonly used are ethanol (60–90%)‚ 1-propanol (60–70%) and 2-propanol/isopropanol (70–80%) or mixtures of these alcohols. They are commonly referred to as "surgical alcohol". Used to disinfect the skin before injections are given‚ often along with iodine (tincture of iodine) or some cationic surfactants (benzalkonium chloride 0.05–0.5%‚ chlorhexidine 0.2–4.0% or octenidine dihydrochloride 0.1–2.0%). Quaternary
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Analysis of a Commercial Bleach Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to determine the amount of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in commercial bleach. This can be done by forming triiodide ions. To make the measurement more accurate‚ starch was added to help determine the endpoint of the solution. The significance of this lab is that industry can use these techniques to determine the amount of NaClO in the bleach of the rival industry and improve it. Hypothesis: The hypothesis is that‚ an accurate
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Chemistry Investigatory Project To determine minimum amount of Bleaching Powder Required to disinfect different samples of Water. INDEX I. Introduction o Purification of Water o History of Water Purification o Bleaching Powder II. Experiment o Aim o Requirements o Theory o Procedure o Observations o Result o Precautions Introduction 98% of the Earth’s water is present in the oceans with an average salinity of 3.5%. The remainder of the
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year the company acquired its first plant site in Oakland‚ paying $3‚000 (The Clorox Co. Website) for it. In 1914‚ the name Clorox was suggested by an engineer for an equipment supplier‚ Abel M. Hamblet. The name was derived from "chlorine" and "sodium hydroxide‚" the two active ingredients in the bleach. Hamblet also drew a rough sketch of a diamond with Clorox written in the center and the
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for molecules to react with each other. A catalyst affects the rate of reaction not by increasing the number of collisions‚ but by making more of the collisions that do occur successful. Ordinary household bleach is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite‚ NaClO‚ this contains little more than 5% NaClO by mass. Bleaching is caused by the ion. Under normal circumstances this ion breaks down slowly giving off oxygen gas and the chloride ion‚ . In order to speed up this reaction a catalyst is
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Procedure: Several different chemical mixtures were poured into the well plate and observed. These included sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid‚ bromothymol blue and hydrochloric acid‚ ammonia and bromothymol blue‚ hydrochloric acid and blue dye‚ blue dye and sodium hypochlorite‚ potassium iodide and lead nitrate‚ sodium hydroxide and phenolphthalein‚ hydrochloric acid and phenolphthalein‚ sodium hydroxide and sliver nitrate‚ ammonia and silver nitrate‚ and ammonia and copper (II) sulfate. Some mixtures
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