Friedel Crafts Alkylation Reaction Introduction: In the experiment we will create 1‚4-Di-t-Butyl-2‚5-Dimethoxybenzene by performing a Friedel-Crafts reaction on 1‚4-Dimethoxybenzene. In the reaction a t-butyl carbocation will be added on to the 1‚4-Dimethoxybenzene. The t-butyl carbocation will be formed by a reaction of t-butyl alcohol with sulfuric acid. To perform the reaction we will create a mixture of the 1‚4-Dimethoxybenzene‚ t-butyl alcohol with acetic acid. To this mixture we will
Premium
SUBLIMATION Sublimation is a technique used by chemists to purify compounds. Typically a solid is placed in a vessel which is then heated under vacuum. Under this reduced pressure the solid volatilizes and condenses as a purified compound on a cooled surface‚ leaving the non-volatile impurities behind. This cooled surface often takes the form of a "cold finger" (shown in the diagram above). Once heating ceases and the vacuum is released‚ the sublimed compound can be collected from the cooled surface
Premium Gas Carbon dioxide Temperature
Their blood is almost transparent because of the lack of red blood cells‚ and they are the only vertebrate that does not have circulating hemoglobin. Those organisms are referred to as Ice fish‚ and they are one of the unique organism that live in Southern Ocean around Antarctica and Southern South America‚ where water temperatures remain relatively stable. Hemoglobin is a protein within mammalian red blood cells that transports oxygen for delivery to tissues throughout the body. Having red blood
Premium Red blood cell Oxygen Hemoglobin
Aspirin Background Aspirin Aspirin‚ or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is a salicylate drug‚ and is generally used as an analgesic (something that relieves pain without producing anaesthesia or loss of consciousness) for minor aches and pains‚ to reduce fever (an antipyretic)‚ and also as an anti-inflammatory drug. Aspirin works by prohibiting biological substances such as prostaglandins. Many different prostaglandins exist in the human body each serving a plethora of physical functions.
Premium Aspirin Titration Salicylic acid
Experiment 4 Synthesis of Salicylic Acid Introduction Throughout history‚ botanical extracts have been used as medicines. Approximately 30% of all medicines have a plant origin. This number increases to 60% if you consider medicines that at one time were derived from plants‚ but have been synthesized in the laboratory. Salicylic acid is a white crystalline compound that can be isolated from the bark of birch trees. Since it is a valuable substance that can be isolated from nature‚ it is called
Premium Salicylic acid Carboxylic acid Ester
A glacier is a large body of ice that is formed on land from the compaction and recrystallization of snow. Glaciers move slowly downhill due to gravity. The erosion features of a glacier can be extremely large or extremely small. As a glacier moves‚ its scours away material underneath it pulling up rocks‚ this is the material that is embedded
Premium Earth Water Precipitation
Nitration of Naphthalene Wed 2/25/2015 Lab report # 1 Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to nitrate naphthalene with nitronium ion‚ which is formed at low concentration from a reaction of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The percent yield from the experiment was 54.4% of the product‚ and the melting point of the possible results were 59 °C for 1-nitronaphthalene‚ and 78°C for 2-nitronaphthalene. Introduction: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene can be nitrated
Premium Nitric acid Chemistry Stoichiometry
Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to successfully prepare an endo‚cis-diacid from the synthesis of the bicyclic anhydride (cis-Norbonene-5‚6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride). The percent yield of the product was calculated and found to be 39.01%. The infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of a O-H group with a stretch at 2948.03 1/cm and the presence of C=O with a stretch at 1698.93 1/cm. Melting point determination found the melting point range of the products to be 149.2-164.1 for
Premium Distillation
benzaldehyde (5 mmol) were dissolved in dry methanol (30 ml) and catalytic amount of sodium hydroxide was added to the above solution. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min and then neutralized with 1 N HCl. The products were purified by recrystallization from ethyl alcohol and water. The synthetic procedure and reaction conditions for chalcones are illustrated in scheme 1 Animals Adult male Swiss albino mice (25-30 g) were used for this study with access to food and water ad libitum. The animals
Premium Chemical reaction Chemistry Alcohol
In the reaction mechanism‚ the alpha hydroxyketone’s hydroxylic group attacks the positively charged nitrogen from nitric acid attaching it to the molecule. The nitrogen’s electrons are then kicked off on to the oxygen bearing a positive charge‚ creating water. This process formed an organic nitrate. Next‚ water is used to abstract hydrogen from the positively charged oxygen‚ forming hydronium. A carbonyl is formed as well as nitrogen dioxide gas. Simultaneously the oxygen separates itself from nitrogen
Premium Oxygen Carboxylic acid Aspirin