Theoretical background Personal identity‚ Social identity and Social categorization Following early psychologists study‚ such as Freud’s three-level model of self-structure( )‚ ego psychology(Harmann‚ 1958)‚ and self psychology (Kohut‚ 1907)‚ Erik Erikson(1950;1968) developed the concept and theory of personal identity by linking individual biological changes and the sociocultural environment‚ thereby rejecting both absolutism of psychosexual development and the omnipotence of socialization(Janos
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agency structure and the concept of an agentic state. Suggesting that obedience relied upon an individual entering a psychological state in which a loss of a sense of autonomy as a social being with their actions being controlled by some other agent (Reicher & Haslam‚ 2012). Conversely‚ experiments on deception in authoritative contexts conducted by Nissani (1990)‚ argues that the human cognitive system has limitations‚ therefore individuals could not be relied upon to understand that an apparently benevolent
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Alana M. McCoy Law 201-03 December 16‚ 2013 Professional Sales Professor Terri R. Reicher‚ JD‚ LLM Alana McCoy Professor Reicher Law 201-03 December 16‚ 2013 Question I. Section A. The Patient Protection and Affordable Health Care Act of 2010 (PPAHA)‚ also known as‚ The Affordable Care Act‚ is a health care reform act that was put into effect to make healthcare available to all Americans. If you are already
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Explain the place of anonymity in theories of crowd behaviour. Is it always associated with a ‘loss of self’ (Dixon and Mahendran‚ 2012‚ p. 13)? This essay will start by explaining the concept of anonymity and how it is used in theories of crowd behaviour namely the contagion‚ deindividuation theory and social identity theory. Later the essay will focus on critical discussion comparing the above theories in terms of how they perceive anonymity and the loss of self. It will highlight the similarities
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CROWDS AND VIOLENCE Deindividuation: [“Individuation” coined by Jung: a process of individuation for development of personality] Historical Research: Le Bon (1890s) When individuals “descend” in a crowd‚ they become creatures of instinct‚ barbarians (Contagion theory‚ anonymity) Festinger (1952) Individuals who sat in dim light more likely to use bad language when discussing erotic material than individuals who were not. Zimbardo (1969) Stanford Prison Experiments: Individuals dressed
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less restrictions that one must follow‚ the higher the risk becomes of one to condone violence. However‚ how can we explain war crimes and acts of torture? Is the most decisive factor leadership‚ group behavior‚ or culture? Psychologists Stephen Reicher and Alex Haslam assess this exact debate in the article “Why Not Everyone Is A Torturer”‚ and thus attempt to understand the background of war crimes and torture. In addition to this discussion‚ Philip G. Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment depicts
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Parent Training. Future of Children‚ Vol Basu‚ A.‚ Malone‚ J. C.‚ Levendosky‚ A.‚ Dubay‚ S. (2009). Longitudinal Treatment Effectiveness Outcomes of a Group Intervention for Women and Children Exposed to Domestic Violence Borrego‚ J.‚ Gutow‚ M.‚ Reicher‚ S.‚ Barker‚ C. (2008). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy with Domestic Violence Population Campbell‚ M.‚ Neil‚ J. A.‚ Jaffe‚ P. G.‚ Kelly‚ T. (2010). Engaging Abusive Men in Seeking Community Intervention: A Critical Research & Practice Priority
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HOW IMPORTANT IS THE CONCEPT OF SITUATED KNOWLEDGES TO THE CRITICAL EVALUATION OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY? ILLUSTRATE ESSAY WITH REFERENCE TO TWO TOPICS OF RESEARCH IN DD307 This essay will explore the concept of situated knowledges‚ and assess the importance of this concept to the critical evaluation of social psychological topics. The concept of situated knowledges is used as an interrogative theme to assist in evaluating knowledge produced in research. All knowledge produced‚ is situated historically
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Philip Zimbardo was a psychology professor at Stanford University. His plan was to set up a research experiment to study how people conformed to the roles they are given. The experiment was set up in the basement of Stanford Psychology building. Zimbardo’s goal was‚ “... to understand more about the process by which people called “prisoners” lose their liberty‚ civil rights‚ independence‚ and privacy‚ while those called “guards” gain social power by accepting the responsibility for controlling and
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Explain the place of anonymity in theories of crowd behaviour. Is it always associated with a ‘loss of self’? Crowd behaviour has long been a point of interest for social psychologists. Psychologists have looked at how people exhibit different behaviours when they are part of a crowd. The anonymity of a crowd allows people to assume a mask which permits them to behave in a manner which is untypical for them. This can be demonstrated in both negative and positive roles‚ such as people rioting
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