Exercise No. 8 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ACID DERIVATIVES I. OBJECTIVES: • To investigate the physical and chemical properties of Carboxylic acid and its derivatives • To understand the reactions of carboxylic compounds and derivatives. II. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Solubility of Carboxylic acids in 10% NaHCO¬3 Acetic acid - formation of bubbles Benzoic acid - formation of bubbles Test for Acetic acid NaOH + Acetic acid - blue litmus paper turned red NaOH + Acetic acid + FeCl3 - red colored
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Analysis/ Critical Thinking Questions: Compare your data for the pure substances with the data for each of the two solid mixtures. Which of the pure substances shows behavior that is similar to what you saw with the the two-solid mixtures (Mixture 1 and Mixture 2)? If you cannot positively identify your mixture‚ discuss the possibilities for the mixture. The starch and mixture 2 are both similar because they both did not penetrate when the vinegar was added; when the water was added the laid on top
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Chemical Separation Introduction: The objective of this experiment was to extract the pigments from spinach leaves‚ perform Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) on the spinach leaf extract‚ and then determine the best solvent mixture to use to separate the pigments in the extract. The pigments are located inside the chloroplast walls in the cells of the spinach leaves. In order to obtain the pigments the cell walls must be broken down thus exposing the pigment containing chloroplasts. Upon
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properties are relatively constant and may be used for the mineral’s identification” (Gardiner and Wilcox 107). There are many intriguing physical properties to mineral identification. Visible properties include color‚ luster‚ streak‚ crystal form‚ cleavage. The tactile property can be measured using Mohs scale‚ which measures hardness of minerals compared to common objects. Additional tests can be used; including acid‚ magnetism‚ smell‚ taste‚ and specific gravity. Taking Exhibit
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Tiffany Ward Scheme For Unknown 2A/B Possible Ions: Cations: Na+‚ K+‚ NH4+ Anions: OH-‚ Cl-‚ NO3-‚ SO42-‚ HSO4- 1.Describe Sample Phase‚ color‚ odor‚ crystal shape‚ amorphous‚ gel-like‚ needle-like‚ powdery‚ etc. 2.Tests on original sample (i) Flame test bright orange Na+ purple K+ no color NH4+ (ii) NH4+ test Place a small portion of original unknown sample in a test tube or spot plate‚ then add a few drops of 1M NaOH solution. At the same time suspend a piece of red
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Theory: Distillation is the conversion of a mixture of substance into vapors which is afterwards condensed to the liquid form. It cans separation or purification of substances by taking advantage of differences in volatility. The purpose of this lab is comparing the efficiency of two distillation methods with the mixture of ethanol and 1-butanol. in theory the fractional distillation should be more efficient because of the steel sponge. The sponge acted as surface area for gas to condense on. This
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Organic and Inorganic Evidence Johana Maria CRJ 311 Forensics Henry Johnson July 31‚ 2011 Organic and Inorganic Evidence In this paper I will decribe the difference organic and inorganic evidence. Compare the strengh and weakness that each have. The significance of either organic or inorganic evidence as it travels through the justice system from the crime scene to prosecution. Some of the example of inorganic evidence is paint and glass. This two are the most important evidence that
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Topic Acid-Base Theory (Unit 1) Acid-Base Theory (Unit 2) Isomerism (Unit 1) Isomerism (Unit 2) Nomenclature Reaction Mechanism (Unit 1) - Introduction to Mechanism Reaction Mechanism (Unit 2) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 3) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 4) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 5) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 6) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 7) - Elimination Reaction Mechanism
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NUCLEIC ACIDS I.BASIC CONCEPTS II.CLASSES III.CHEMICAL NATURE IV.FUNCTION I.BASIC CONCEPTS NUCLEIC ACIDS polymeric macromolecules‚ or large biological molecules‚ essential for all known forms of life are made from monomers known as nucleotides Each nucleotide has three components: a 5-carbon sugar‚ a phosphate group‚ and a nitrogenous base If the sugar is deoxyribose‚ the polymer is DNA. If the sugar is ribose‚ the polymer is RNA. Together with proteins‚ nucleic acids are the most
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the pH value outside of the normal range‚ and what acid/base imbalance did this pH value indicate? The pH was within the normal range until the subject started to hyperventilate. The rising pH indicated that the body was expelling CO2 and H+. 7. Did the PCO2 level change during the curse of this run? If so‚ how? Yes‚ the PCO2 level dropped from 40 to 19.7 because the body was getting rid of CO2 by hyperventilating. 8. If you observed an acid/base imbalance during this run‚ how would you expect
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