carbonyl compounds is useful in reactions because nitriles are versatile functional groups1. Not only are they versatile functional groups but they serve as precursors in several transformations. The cyano-group is found in many bioactive molecules and plays a role in hydrogen bonding to certain biological receptors.4 Nitriles are carboxylic acid derivatives because they can easily be converted to carboxylic acid under either basic or acidic conditions. Piperonal is an aromatic compound that is present
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Amino acids are important building blocks; they play an essential role in the formation of proteins and as intermediates in metabolism. Amino acids can serve as cell signaling molecules and can regulate gene expression. An optimal amount of amino acids is essential for health. There are over 500 amino acids‚ however only 20 are commonly found. Amino acids all have an amine functional group and a carboxylic acid functional group. They differentiate from each other in their side chains. Only 10 of
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Separation techniques are an important part of chemistry. However‚ their importance is not just limited to chemistry; they are also used in our daily lives. Separation techniques are methods used to separate and/or purify mixtures. There are many kinds of separation techniques that are used in our day to day life‚ such as filtration‚ Centrifuging‚ Decanting‚ fractional distillation and sieving. Each of these methods has their own specific uses in our daily lives which make our chores much easier
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Common Aspects of Acid Prehydrolysis and Steam Explosion for Pretreating Wood Hans E. Grethlein Michigan Biotechnology Institute‚ PO Box 27609‚ Lansing‚ Michigan 48909‚ USA & Alvin O. Converse Thayer School of Engineering‚ Dartmouth College‚ Hanover‚ New Hampshire 03755‚ USA Abstract The initial rate of hydrolysis using cellulase from Trichoderma reesei for various wood samples is directly proportional to the surface area available to the enzyme. Both dilute acid hydrolysis in a continuous
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Objective: To understand the importance of choosing suitable indicators for detecting the end points of acid-base titrations. To obtain titration curves some acid-base titrations. Materials and method: As shown in page 2 and 3 in General Chemistry practical manual 2011. Result: Part 1: Suitability of Indicators Strong acid-weak base titration Table I: Volume Titration Rough Accurate 1 Accurate 2 Final volume 0.00 14.65 0.00 Initial volume 35.20 48.00 33.50 Volume of
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Other nitrogen containing compounds Catecholamine: Dopamine‚ norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) are biologically active amines and are collectively called as Catecholamine. * Dopamine and norepinephrine functions as neurotransmitters. Outside the nervous system‚ norepinephrine and its methylated derivative‚ epinephrine regulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. They are released from storage vehicles in the adrenal medulla in response to stress (fright‚ exercise‚ cold
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DNA Extraction from Fruit 1. What was the purpose of adding liquid soap and salt in step #1 and how does NaCl contribute to maximum DNA extraction. The purpose of using soap was to destroy the membranes inside a kiwi cell. Soap helped with that because it dissolves the membranes easily. Salt or NaCl was used to remove proteins and carbohydrates. NaCl caused the proteins and carbohydrates to precipitate. 2. Why was it necessary to “mush” the kiwi by hand? If the step was omitted‚ what
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ABSTRACT The extraction of pectin from orange peels has been studied at different sample to solvent ratios‚ different PHs and with different extraction techniques using water. The amount of pectin extracted reduces as the PH increased. This research work is been carried out in order to determine the process condition that will result in high yield of pectin and residual oil extracted from orange peels using the methanol pre-treatment to extract orange peel oil and hydrochloric acid for pectin extraction
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Separation Anxiety Disorder Separation Anxiety Disorder is prolonged‚ developmentally inappropriate‚ excessive anxiety‚ and distress in a child concerning removal from parents‚ home‚ or familiar surroundings. ("Free Dictionary By Farlex") This papers purpose is to inform the reader of the symptoms and tips on how this Disorder can be fixed. Separation Anxiety Disorder V.S. Separation Anxiety Many young children suffer from suffer from Separation Anxiety‚ Separation
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Separation of a Mixture of Solids I really enjoyed this lab. After reading the introduction I started by making my own flow sheet of how I thought this lab would work. I was reminded about solubility which is defined as the amount of the solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent and that the extent to which a substance dissolves depends mainly upon the physical properties of the solvent and of the solute and to some extent upon the solvent’s temperature. With that being said I came
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