Financial Accounting Part I Textbook for Class XI © no N C tt E o R be T re pu bl is he Accountancy d ISBN 81-7450-507-5 First Edition February 2006 Phalguna 1927 Reprinted October 2006 Kartika 1928 October 2007 Kartika 1929 January 2009 Magh 1930 January 2010 Magha 1931 January 2011 Magha 1932 PD 90T RPS © National Council of Educational Research and Training‚ 2006 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced‚ stored in a retrieval system or transmitted‚
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Introduction to Accounting Accounting is a profession used to make financial and business decisions. Billions of dollars exchange hands every day‚ in millions of separate business transactions. These are recorded and reported on using a comprehensive set of guidelines‚ referred to as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Brief History of Accounting Accounting was born before writing or numbers existed‚ some 10‚000 years ago‚ in the area known as Mesopotamia‚ later Persia‚ and today the
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Content 1 Introduction 1 1.Task one 2 The models and concepts affecting the pricing decisions taken by organisations‚ critically reflecting upon their usefulness 2 2‚ Task two 6 The role of standard costing and variance analysis in management accounting and a critically discussion of the value and limitations of variance analysis as a means of identifying key areas which have contributed to the overall profit figure. 6 3‚ The advantages and disadvantages of introducing an Activity Based Costing
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ACCOUNTING SUBSTANCE OVER FORM Substance over form is an accounting concept where the entity is accounting for items according to their substance and economic reality and not merely their legal form. It is one of the key determinants of reliable information. For most transactions there will be no difference and in some cases however‚ the two diverge and the choice of how to present the transactions can give very different results. This differences occurs when an asset or liability is not recognized
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cost-effective. (B) Marketing Manager 4. Trying to determine whether the company’s net income will result in a stock price increase. (A) Investors in common stock 5. Trying to determine whether the company should employ debt or equity financing. (D) Chief Financial Officer Do It! 1-1 Identify each of the following organizational characteristics with the organizational form or forms with which it is associated. (A) Easier to transfer ownership Corporate (B) Easier to raise funds Corporate (C) More
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CHAPTER 1 Accounting in Action ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE Brief Exercises A Problems B Problems 5‚ 6‚ 7‚ 11 1A‚ 2A‚ 4A 1B‚ 2B‚ 4B 3 6‚ 7‚ 8‚ 10‚ 11 1A‚ 2A‚ 4A‚ 5A 1B‚ 2B‚ 4B‚ 5B 4 8‚ 9‚ 12‚ 13‚ 2A‚ 3A‚ 14‚ 15‚ 16‚ 17 4A‚ 5A 2B‚ 3B‚ 4B‚ 5B Learning Objectives Questions Do It! Exercises 1. Explain what accounting is. 1‚ 2‚ 5 1 1 2. Identify the users and uses of accounting. 3‚ 4 1 2 3. Understand why ethics is a fundamental business concept. 4. Explain accounting standards
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[APC309 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Individual Assignment : Task a and Task b ] Table of Contents Part a 1.0 Introduction to performance management …………………………………………………………………………….2 2.0 EVA and ROI ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2 3.0 Mangers orientation due to using EVA and ROI……………………………………………………………………….3 4.0 Overcoming the short term nature of EVA and ROI………………………………………………………………….4 5.0 Appendix…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8 Part b 1.0 Introduction
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Accounting Information Systems‚ 12e (Romney/Steinbart) Chapter 2 Overview of Transaction Processing and ERP Systems 1) What usually initiates data input into a system? A) The transaction system automatically checks each hour to see if any new data is available for input and processing. B) The performance of some business activity generally serves as the trigger for data input. C) A general ledger program is queried to produce a trial balance at the end of an accounting period. D) Data is only
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with the help of new equipment will bring about an unprofitable break-even point. However Jill still insist on borrowing from bank to invest in the equipment regardless of the CVP analysis result‚ which raised some ethical issues. Analysis Question 1 Defining the stakeholders There are 5 major stakeholders arising from Jill’s decision‚ which are Jill herself‚ the lending bank‚ the working staff‚ the Australian tax office‚ and the customers. As the main owner of the business‚ (assuming
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environment could be created in the interest of the company‚ society and nation. The second discussion is focused on evaluation of ethicality of accounting activities. Manipulating the financial statements for personal interest or for loyalty towards company or its executives is unethical and the person responsible for such act will be punishable. Misstatement of financial statements is ethically wrong and should be avoided. A CFO while making decision should keep in mind the interest of public and it can
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