CHAPTER 3; Cost Volume Profit True/False 1. Determining the number of units that must be produced in order to generate enough profit to cover total fixed costs is one reason for using a break-even analysis. 2. An expected value is the w eighted average of the outcomes‚ based on the percentage combinations of the incomes. 3. Which of the following statements about net income (NI) is TRUE? a. b. NI = operating income plus income taxes. NI = operating income plus operating costs. c
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Session 1 Average cost method Average cost= (Stock in $ + Purchases in $) / (Stock in units + Purchases in units) We use the average cost as the unit cost of OUT and for the end of AT HAND. In AT HAND‚ we only calculate the units‚ to valuate at the end at the average cost. COGS computation Cost of raw materials used in production Raw material beginning inventory Raw material purchased (Raw material ending inventory) = Raw material used in production Cost of good manufactured (finished)
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feasibility of a new enterprise or product is the Break even. The Break even point is the point at which revenue is exactly equal to costs. At this point‚ no profit is made and no losses are incurred. The break even point can be expressed in terms of unit sales or dollar sales. That is‚ the break even units indicate the level of sales that are required to cover costs. Sales above that number result in profit and sales below that number result in a loss. The break even sales indicate the dollars of
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Costs Of Production Practice Questions 1. The main difference between the short run and the long run is that: A) firms earn zero profits in the long run. B) the long run always refers to a time period of one year or longer. C) in the short run‚ one or more inputs is fixed. D) in the long run‚ only one variable can be fixed. 2. At the level of output where marginal cost equals average variable cost: A) average total cost is decreasing. B) average variable cost is decreasing
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Initial idea: Offer affordable sports equipment for children Products: − Used (second-hand) products − Surplus equipment from manufacturers and retailers Current situation (December 2007): − Demand has been growing steadily over the last years − The products are distributed to the U.S. customers through a single (and small) warehouse in St. Louis − The warehouse is leased on a year-to-year basis − The current network design‚ in particular the distribution network and warehouse
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textbook is $75. Projected costs for 6‚000 textbooks are as follows: Direct Materials $94‚500 Direct Labour $45‚000 Variable Manufacturing Overhead $48‚000 Fixed Manufacturing Overhead $96‚000 * Fixed Selling and Administrative $42‚500 Variable Selling and Administrative $25‚000 * Total Fixed Manufacturing Overhead increases to $128‚000 for production levels over 7500 textbooks Required: 1) Determine total variable manufacturing costs to produce one textbook.
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$120‚555 $12‚455 F Variable expenses (50% of revenues) 54‚020 60‚277 6‚227 U Fixed expenses 53‚870 55‚000 1‚180 U Total expenses 107‚870 115‚277 7‚457 U Profit $230 $5‚278 $5‚048 F The actual profit meets the budgeted target of $230‚ therefore the manager of Jane-HW7 location is entitled to at least $1‚000 bonus. The total bonus amount = $1‚000 + ($5‚278 - $230) /10 x $1 = $1‚504.80 Budgeted Actual Cars washed 18‚400 12‚690 Price per car wash $10 $9.50 Variable cost $5 $4.75 Contribution
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and variable costs to maximize profit‚ and identifying methods to reduce costs. Discussion Increasing Revenue and Achieving Ideal Production Levels Because Mr. Bury is operating in a monopolistic structure‚ his demand curve is downward sloping; the quantity demanded increases as the price decreases. Mr. Bury will need to determine the price elasticity of demand for his product. He will be able to maximize his profit by producing up to the output where marginal revenue equals marginal cost‚ (MR
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accounting information helps answer three types of questions: 1. Scorecard questions 2. Attention-directing questions 3. Problem-solving questions Managers should keep two important ideas in mind when designing accounting systems: 1. Cost-benefit balances – weighing estimated costs against probable benefits – are the primary consideration in choosing among accounting systems and methods. 2. Behavioral implications are the system’s effect on the behavior‚ specifically the decisions‚ of managers. A budget
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machinery. Standard cost is the estimated cost of material‚ labor‚ overheads and other costs for each unit of production or purchase in a given accounting period. It is used as the benchmark against which cost variances and financial performance are measured‚ the valuation for inventory and a basis for pricing. It’s best suited to businesses that manufacture‚ but can be used by any business where there is measurable repetition. It is a technique which helps you to control costs and business operations
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