Synthesis of an Alkyl Halide: A Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Unknown Letter: B 23 April 2013 Academic Integrity Statement: “Experimental data may be collected with other students in organic chemistry labs. However I understand that sharing information required for a lab report (including but not limited to word processing or spreadsheet files‚ calculations‚ graphs‚ conclusions and additional problems at the end of the lab report) with other students is a violation of the University
Premium Chemistry University Research
bottom and thus allowing it to be separated. The total amount of 1-bromobutane formed was 2.065 grams. In order to confirm that the reaction occurred correctly and that 1-bromobutane was formed‚ infrared spectroscopy as well as halide tests were performed on the product. Infrared spectroscopy works on the basis that different covalent bonds of molecules can stretch and bend. These bonds can undergo vibrations which require energy that corresponds directly with the energy absorbed from infrared
Premium Marketing Management Strategic management
wavelength in ultra-visible spectroscopy hence the Chrysophyllum canito leaf extracts silver synthesized sample had given for scanning electron microscope to find out the approximate size of synthesized silver nanoparticles‚ energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is an analytical instrument to identify the present of element in synthesized silver nanoparticles sample silver weight‚ atomic number and other element iterations identified and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy found the crystallite size
Premium Chemistry Atom Metal
point of the steam distillation was to use an azeotrope to isolate the organic compound from a solid. The azeotrope was the liquid mixture with a constant boiling point. After obtaining pure eugenol‚ the percent recovery was calculated and an IR spectroscopy was performed.
Premium Distillation
be the product of the reduction reaction because of steric hindrance. For the oxidation step‚ a reflux will be done and then a microscale reflux for the reduction step. The products will be confirmed using Infrared spectroscopy‚ the chromic acid test‚ 2‚4-DNP test and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results of this experiment show that camphor was produced during oxidation (0.6576 g). The IR spectrum shows a strong peak at 1740 cm-1 representing a carbonyl compound‚ which was concluded to be a ketone by
Premium Alcohol
experiment was to efficiently perform an Fischer esterification of 1-butanol and acetic acid to form water and n-butyl acetate‚ and to confirm the esterification using IR spectroscopy analysis. It was found that 0.734 grams of n-butyl acetate was formed with a percent yield of 61%. The product was confirmed using IR spectroscopy and boiling point confirmation. The reaction mechanism for this specific reaction was as follows: First the protonation of a carbonyl oxygen activates the carboxylic acid
Premium Acetic acid Alcohol Ester
Introduction Esters are in a lot of natural products like flowers‚ spices and fruits. They are usually used in artificial flavorings. Carboxylic esters help amplify the sensory effect of esters. Isopentyl acetate is made from the direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol. The direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol is an equilibrium reaction that shifts the product to the side by using the excess of one of the starting reagents. Acetic acid usually used in excess
Premium Chemistry Solvent Acetic acid
Case study A blue paint layer sample was collected from the wall decorations of the mortuary temple of Ramesses III (Medinet Habu. This temple is one of the largest memorial temples in Egypt. It measures 320 m in length (east to west) and about 200 m in width (north to south)‚ built with order of the Pharaoh Ramesses III (c.1184–1151 BC the 20th Dynasty). The micro-XRF spectrometer (SPECTRO‚ COPRA model) used to analyze the sample includes a side-window X-ray tube with Mo anode (Oxford Instruments
Premium Ancient Egypt Egypt Great Pyramid of Giza
to study in vitro the permeability of amorphous drug systems in different conditions. First‚ three complementary techniques are performed to characterize the crystalline and amorphous form of indomethacin. These techniques include IR spectroscopy‚ Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Indomethacin is a compound belonging to class II of the BCS and is consequently a poorly water-soluble drug. The limiting step in order to have a good bioavailability is the dissolution step. Several
Premium Chemistry Oncology Protein
Extraction and analysis of two compounds from unknown solution C ABSTRACT Liquid C and solid C were both extracted from unknown solution by first using chemically active liquid-liquid extract‚ followed by vacuum filtration. Liquid C and solid C were then purified with the use of simple distillation and recrystallization respectively. Through the process of recrystallization‚ the percentage purity of solid C was found to be 6.01%. The melting point range of purified solid C was 117.0 – 119
Premium Solvent Liquid Solubility