Abstract The basic principles of Osmosis and Diffusion were tested and examined in this lab. We examined the percent increase of mass and molarity of different concentrations of sucrose in the dialysis bag emerged in distilled water and the potato cores emerged in concentrations of sucrose. The data reinforces the principles of Osmosis and Diffusion‚ and in a biological context‚ we can simulate how water and particles move in and out of our own cells. Introduction Objective: 1
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Intro: Carbohydrate‚ any of a large group of compounds in which hydrogen and oxygen‚ in the proportions in which they exist in water‚ are combined with carbon; the formula of most of these compounds may be expressed as Cn(H2O)n. Structurally‚ however‚ these compounds are not hydrates of carbon‚ as the formula would seem to indicate. Carbohydrates‚ as a class‚ are the most abundant organic compounds found in nature. They are produced by green plants and by bacteria using the process known as photosynthesis
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nectar milk H Structure OH OH H α-glucose Disaccharide (made of 2 monosaccharides joined together) Polysaccharide (made of many monosaccharides joined together) maltose = α-glucose + α-glucose sucrose = glucose + fructose lactose = glucose + galactose germinating seeds phloem tissue‚ fruit milk β-glucose fructose O maltose starch glycogen cellulose chitin = = = = polymer of glucose polymer of α-glucose polymer of β-glucose polymer of glucosamine (glucose with an amino acid
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facilitated diffusion. If it weren’t for diffusion cells wouldn’t be able to survive.Cells react based on their environment. Hypertonic solution will make a plant cell shrink‚ losing water in cytoplasm‚ and the cell would plasmolyze which happened to the onion cell when added NaCl(the environment became hypertonic). In an isotonic solution‚ the plant cell wouldn’t provide enough turgor pressure to support the cell wall. The hypotonic environment for plant cell is best for
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foods contains these nutrients? • What test can we conduct to find out the presence of nutrients in food? What are NUTRIENTS? • Definition: Chemical substances in food that may provide… – Energy – Structural materials – Regulate growth – Tissue repair • Also known as biological molecules. • Some nutrients are organic compounds (contains the element carbon) while others are inorganic compounds. Nutrients can be found in variety of food and drinks that we consume Other Nutrients
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Monosaccharide also called SIMPLE SUGAR‚ any of the basic compounds that serve as the building blocks of carbohydrates. Monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones; that is‚ they are molecules with more than one hydroxyl group (-OH)‚ and a carbonyl group (C=O) either at the terminal carbon atom (aldose) or at the second carbon atom (ketose). The carbonyl group combines in aqueous solution with one hydroxyl group to form a cyclic compound (hemi-acetal or hemi-ketal). Monosaccharides are
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components of supportive structures in plants (cellulose)‚crustacean shells (chitin)‚ and connective tissues in animals (glucosaminoglycans); and are essential components of nucleic acids (D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose). Monosaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides are theclassifications of carbohydrates. This experiment involves the carbohydrates starch‚ glucose‚ fructose‚ maltose‚ xylose‚ and sucrose. These carbohydrates are the standards to be used in determining the unknown sample with the
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Disaccharides Sucrose A crystalline disaccharide of fructose and glucose‚ C12H22O11‚ found in many plants but extracted as ordinary sugar mainly from sugarcane and sugar beets‚ widely used as a sweetener or preservative and in the manufacture of plastics and soaps‚ also called saccharose. Sucrose is one of the main products of photosynthesis and the most common transport sugar in plants. It is also a no reducing disaccharide‚ and is synthesized in the cytosol via the phosphorylated intermediate
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2013 DNA Extraction on Onion (Allium cepa) and Human Cheek Cell Arriza‚ Rolland Merch Buscato‚ Carl G. Butil‚ Conrad G. Leonida‚ Renee Theresa ABSTRACT This activity observes the DNA present in onion (Allium cepa) and human cheek cells by extracting it with the addition of lysis buffer and chilled ethanol. The lysis buffer is prepared from squeezed onion mixed with salt and Pantene Pro-V Shampoo. The buffer degrades the protein enveloping the DNA found in onion and cheek cells Cheek cells
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B. Potato Core Experiment In this experiment we estimated the osmolarity of potato tuber tissue by submersing different potato cores into sucrose solutions of 0.0-0.6M‚ and weighing the potato. We concluded that the osmolarity of the potato was about 0.4M since the weight of the potato did not change after it was incubated in the solution with 0.4M. We also found that the potato was hypertonic to sucrose solutions of 0.0-0.3M and hypotonic to 0.5-0.6M. C. Dialysis Tubing Experiment We tested
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