Composites Science and Technology 67 (2007) 2417–2427 www.elsevier.com/locate/compscitech Influence of fiber orientation on global mechanical behavior and mesoscale strain localization in a short glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy polymer composite during tensile deformation investigated using digital image correlation A. Godara‚ D. Raabe * Max-Planck-Institut fu¨r Eisenforschung‚ Max-Planck-Str. 1‚ 40237 Du¨sseldorf‚ Germany Received 6 March 2006; received in revised form 21 December 2006; accepted 11 January
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pressure: where σ is stress (in Newtons per square metre or‚ equivalently‚ Pascals). F is force (in Newtons‚ commonly abbreviated N)‚ and A is the cross sectional area of the sample. Tensile Strength; The (ultimate) tensile strength is the level of stress at which a material will fracture. Tensile strength is also known as fracture stress. If a material fractures by ’crack propagation’ (i.e.‚ it shatters)‚ the material is brittle. Yield Stress; On a stress strain graph
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Young’s Modulus: This is the slope of the linear portion of the stress-strain curve‚ it is usually specific to each material; a constant‚ known value. Yield Strength: This is the value of stress at the yield point‚ calculated by plotting young’s modulus at a specified percent of offset (usually offset = 0.2%). Ultimate Tensile Strength: This is the highest value of stress on the stress-strain curve. Percent Elongation: This is the change in gauge length divided by the original gauge length
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Engineering Materials Msc. Shaymaa Mahmood Introduction to Eng. Materials : Since the earliest days of the evolution of mankind ‚ the main distinguishing features between human begins and other mammals has been the ability to use and develop materials to satisfy our human requirements. Nowadays we use many types of materials‚ fashioned in many different ways‚ to satisfy our requirements for housing‚ heating‚ furniture‚ clothes‚ transportation‚ entertainment‚ medical care‚ defense and all the
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Perpetual Pavements North Dakota Asphalt Conference Bismarck‚ ND April 6‚ 2010 Perpetual Pavement • Not a new concept –Full-Depth –Deep Strength –Mill & Fill MS-1 Perpetual Pavement Principles } 1.5 - 3” SMA‚ OGFC or Superpave 4” Zone to Of High 6” Compression Max Tensile Strain High Modulus Rut Resistant Material (Varies As Needed) Flexible Fatigue Resistant Material 3 - 4” Pavement Foundation Fatigue and Rutting HMA Repeated Bending Leads
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blocks. However‚ with a greater emphasis on increasing the efficiency of the engine via weight reduction‚ manufacturers have began to look for alternative alloys that are lighter than cast iron and aluminum alloys‚ while retaining the necessary strength to withstand the forces of an engine. As of late‚ new manufacturing processes have been developed that have engendered two new alloys suitable for use in an engine block‚ magnesium alloy AMC-SC1 and compacted graphite cast iron (CGI). In this
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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Table I lists minimum yield strength‚ minimum ultimate tensile strength‚ and minimum elongation values. Yield strength‚ ultimate tensile strength‚ and elongation property values are determined with standard test method ASTM B557. This table also includes hardness screening criteria values‚ indicated in parentheses. As applicable‚ minimum electrical conductivity values are also specified. TABLE I Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength3 (ksi) 38.0 38.0 35.0 26.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 25
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Machine Design II Prof. K.Gopinath & Prof. M.M.Mayuram FATIGUE CONSIDERATION IN DESIGN OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE In this module we will be discussing on design aspects related to fatigue failure‚ an important mode of failure in engineering components. Fatigue failure results mainly due to variable loading or more precisely due to cyclic variations in the applied loading or induced stresses So starting from the basic concepts of variable (non-static) loading‚ we will be discussing in detail
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OBJECTIVE To ensure and guarantee the safety of flight‚ the materials in an aircraft used is an important element. This includes small parts like nuts‚ bolts and screw. The materials are chosen because they must have a certain features like light and extremely strong This project looks into the parts of an airplane mainly the wing. The wing of an aircraft comprises of skin‚ spar‚ ribs and stringer. We will further discuss into the properties‚ test standards and factors of the materials being chose
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E-glass/nylon unidirectionally reinforced composite‚ as a function of the volume fraction Vf of fiber. Use the properties from attached Tables. 3. (5 points) Plot the longitudinal tensile strength of an E-glass/epoxy unidirectionallyreinforced composite‚ as a function of the volume fraction of fiber‚ assuming tensile strength follows a volume rule of additivity. Use the properties from attached Tables. 4. (5 points) What is the maximum volume fraction of spherical fillers that could be obtained in the
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