melodies‚ organums‚ and little or no notations. Then instruments such as the rebec‚ pipe‚ and psaltery were among the first used. Instrumental music‚ also known as estampie‚ was invaluable and mainly for entertainment and dance. It wasn ’t until the end of the seventeenth century that instrumental music surpassed vocal music on levels of importance and acceptance. Composers‚ with new ideas and visions‚ took the reigns in the world of music. Instruments became the main tools of musicians and composers
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Bureaucracy within the government of Texas may be thought of as nothing more nor less than a form of organization. Bureaucracy is a system of government or business that has many complicated rules and ways of doing things. I will be exploring this interpretation of bureaucracy and bureaucrats within in relation to a system and rational factor. There are two models of bureaucracy‚ which are rational models and non-rational models. The lobbyist is an individuals employed by the interest groups who
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‚ Opinion of the Court SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES 491 U.S. 397 Texas v. Johnson CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TEXAS No. 88-155 Argued: March 21‚ 1989 --- Decided: June 21‚ 1989 JUSTICE BRENNAN delivered the opinion of the Court. After publicly burning an American flag as a means of political protest‚ Gregory Lee Johnson was convicted of desecrating a flag in violation of Texas law. This case presents the question whether his conviction is consistent with
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English 1301 April 23‚ 2013 Standardized Testing in Texas The first standardized test was developed in France nearly 100 years ago by a psychologist named Alfred Binet. Binet’s test focused on language skills‚ judgment‚ comprehension‚ reasoning and memory‚ and was used to determine which students would succeed in regular classes and which needed special attention (Lefton). Binet’s test was successful in the Parisian school system and generated a lot of interest in America. An American
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affected me the most. Originally living in Texas from the time I was six months old‚ I moved to Peoria‚ Arizona‚ when I was nine years old. However‚ just before my sophomore year in high school‚ my family and I moved back to Texas from Arizona. This move was a major turning point in my life because I had to adapt to a new area and school where I had to make all new friends. First of all‚ because of the move‚ I lived in a completely new area. Texas is quite different from Arizona‚ so I had
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The constitution of Texas has some unique provisions that affect the state’s government in a unique way. One of these unique provisions affects the balance of power in the executive branch of Texas’ government. The Texas Constitution does not grant the governor power to appoint his cabinet as is so with the United States president. In Texas‚ cabinet members are elected to their seats‚ giving the governor nearly no control over them in theory. This executive separation of powers grants the governor
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Hurricane Harvey has done to the state of Texas‚ yet the devastation is not only hitting the average American’s heart‚ but their wallets as well. Texas is a major supplier of oil to the country and Hurricane Harvey has put an abrupt halt to its oil production and refining. It is even quoted by Tom Kloza‚ the global head of energy analysis for Oil Price Information Service that “Satan could not have drawn up a more horrible geographic scenario for knocking out Texas refining”. And although some may have
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On January 1‚ 1980‚ Juneteenth became an official state holiday in Texas through the efforts of Al Edwards‚ an African American state legislator. The successful passage of this bill marked Juneteenth as the first emancipation celebration granted official state recognition. Edwards has since actively sought to spread the observance of Juneteenth throughout the U.S. Juneteenth is the oldest known celebration commemorating the ending of slavery in the United States. Dating back to 1865‚ it was on
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18 Benefits of Playing a Musical Instrument by Michael Matthews The Chinese philosopher Confucius said long ago that "Music produces a kind of pleasure which human nature cannot do without." Playing a musical instrument has many benefits and can bring joy to you and to everyone around you. This article will provide you with 18 benefits of playing an instrument (in no particular order) and will hopefully give you a better sense of appreciation and pride for music. 1. Increases the capacity
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Texas and California Annexation John O’Sullivan defined “manifest destiny” and used the term to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States. When he said‚ in a spirit of hostile interference against us‚ for the avowed object of thwarting our policy and hampering our power‚ limiting our greatness and checking the fulfillment of our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions..
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