Abstract Ernest Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment was a major stepping stone one the way to discovering what the atom was really made up of. From the beginning of his research with alpha particles to his discovery of the atomic nucleus‚ Rutherford made many contributions to the microscopic world of the atom. The Rutherford Experiment‚ otherwise known as the Gold Foil Experiment‚ was the crown of his achievements‚ and it was during this experiment that he discovered the atomic nucleus. (Aydin &Hanuscin
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Gizmo Warm-up Just like students sharing markers‚ atoms sometimes share or swap electrons. By doing this‚ atoms form bonds. The Ionic Bonds Gizmo™ allows you to explore how ionic bonds form. To begin‚ check that Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) are selected from the menus at right. Click Play ([pic]) to see electrons orbiting the nucleus of each atom. (Note: These atom models are simplified and not meant to be realistic.) 1. Each atom consists of a central nucleus and several shells that contain
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and the study of the atom A. Education and teaching career brought him in contact with amateur meteorologists B. Mentors and meteorology directed his interest toward air pressure and properties of gaseous elements C. Study of elements led to interest in components of elements and his atomic theory. D. This is the general path to his discoveries. However‚ no one knows specifically how he reached most of his conclusions about atoms. II. Work on the atom and its contribution
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Name: _____Alvaro_________________________________ Date: ________________________ Student Exploration: Element Builder Vocabulary: atom‚ atomic number‚ electron‚ electron dot diagram‚ element‚ energy level‚ ion‚ isotope‚ mass number‚ neutron‚ nucleus‚ periodic table‚ proton‚ radioactive‚ valence electrons Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What are some of the different substances that make up a pizza? _____________________ ___________________
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molecule. atom. cell. electron. Question 3 of 20 Which of the following are found in the nucleus of an atom? Protons Neutrons Electrons A and B Question 4 of 20 The component of an atom or molecule that is most important in determining its chemical properties is the isotope. neutron. electron. proton. Question 5 of 20 What is the maximum number of electrons the innermost shell can hold? 1 2 4 8 Question 6 of 20 An atom becomes an
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that holds atoms of elements and ions together to become a stable‚ new substance called a compound. -the number of valence electrons determines if an atom will form a chemical bond. -metals tend to give up electrons to other atoms. -nonmetals tend to take electrons from other atoms. -noble gases will not form a chemical bond because these atoms already have a full outer shell of energy. Ionization: the process of gaining or losing electrons to become an ion. -ion: atom that has a
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finished with the lab questions attach a 12 page conclusion that summarizes and explains the main points of the lab. 1. After you have washed your hands‚ obtain your "atom" supply from Dr. Winston. Select one atom from your atom supply. Using four toothpicks‚ place them as far apart from each other around the atom. Remember‚ electrons have the same charge (negative) so it is their desire to be as far away from each other as possible. 2. The toothpicks represent single electrons as in carbon (four valence electrons) or if
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Covalent Bonding In a covalent bond‚ a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms. Each of the positively charged nuclei is attracted to the same negatively charged pair of electrons. The diagram: A and B are held together by this shared attraction. Covalent bonds are often drawn as dots and crosses diagrams to show that the electrons have come from two different atoms. Molecules have a certain fixed number of atoms in them joined together by covalent bonds. Examples: Bonding in hydrogen
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diversity of biological molecules and has made possible the great diversity of living things. * Proteins‚ DNA‚ carbohydrates‚ and other molecules that distinguish living matter from inorganic material are all composed of carbon atoms bonded to each other and to atoms of other elements. * These other elements commonly include hydrogen (H)‚ oxygen (O)‚ nitrogen (N)‚ sulfur (S)‚ and phosphorus (P). (CHONPS) Concept 4.1 Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds * The study of
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outermostmost shell of an atom are known as valence electrons and they determine the valency.The valence electrons take part in chemical reaction and they determine the chemical properties of the elements.Let us take an example‚ Theatomic number of carbon is 6 Its configuration is =2‚4 It means valency of carbon is 4. In chemistry‚ valence‚ also known as valency or valence number‚ is the number of valence bonds[1] a given atom has formed‚ or can form‚ with one or more other atoms. For most elements
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