cost) Higher discount rate ( lower discount factor (lower NPV Investment Decision Rules: 1. accept if positive NPV 2. accept w rate of return > opp cost or hurdle rule PV = C1* [1/(1+r)] = Discount factor * cash flow (calc: usually -PV ) Discount factor (DCF) = 1/(1+r) or PV/FV ** will be < 1 ** NPV = C1 + C1* [1/(1+r)] If PV of $1 received n years from today at an interest rate of r=.270 then what is the future value of $1 invested today at an interest rate of r% for n years
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200 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND CY13ERNETICS‚ VOL. A Tutorial Introduction SSC-4‚ NO. 3‚ SEPTEMLIER 1968 to Decision Theory D. WARNER NORTH Abstract-Decision theory provides a rational framework for choosing between alternative courses of action when the consequences resulting from this choice are imperfectly known. Two streams of thought serve as the foundations: utility theory and the inductive use of probability theory. The intent of this paper is
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Model Spectrics founded in 1915 is a leading organization which is providing a superior and specific instrumentation and control which enables their customers to enhance their product quality and performances from the beginning of the manufacturing process. It reduce the down time and wastage and reduce the time to market. Spectrics comprises four strategic segments which reflect the end user industries and application. They serve material analysis‚ test and measurement‚ industrial control and in line
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Financial Risk is one of the major concerns of every business across fields and geographies. This is the reason behind Financial Risk Manager FRM Exam gaining huge recognition among financial experts across the globe. FRM is the top most credential offered to risk management professionals worldwide. Financial Risk again is the base concept of FRM exam. Before understanding the techniques to control risk and perform risk management‚ it is very important to realize what risk is and what the types of
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Financial Management Final Exam 3/2/2013 Q1. Calculating NOPAT: NOPAT = Operating Income (EBIT) x (1 – Tax) Operating Income (EBIT) = 700 Tax = 0.35 NOPAT = 700 x (1 – 0.35) = $455.00 Q2. Income Statement: Income Statement (EUR) Sales 15‚000 Operating cost 7‚500 Depreciation 1‚200 Amortization 0 Bonds 6‚500 Bonds interest 6.25% Tax rate (income) 35% EBIT = Sales – Operating cost – Depreciation – Amortization EBIT = 15‚000 – 7‚500 – 1‚200 – 0 EBIT = EUR 6
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However‚ the key is that students have an understanding why firms would consider using these instruments and under what conditions they would use them. Topics to Stimulate Class Discussion 1. Why would a firm ever consider futures contracts instead of forward contracts? 2. What advantage do currency options offer that are not available with futures or forward contracts? 3. What are some disadvantages of currency option contracts? 4. Why do currency futures prices change over time? 5. Why do currency
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Answers to Text Discussion Questions 7-1. Cash and marketable securities are generally used to meet the transaction needs of the firm and for contingency purposes. Because the funds must be available when needed‚ the primary concern should be with safety and liquidity rather than the maximum profits. 7-2. Liquidity is the quality of converting an asset to cash quickly and at fair market value. 7-3. The treasury manager is most concerned with daily cash flows of a corporation as it is the
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What is Finance? Finance is the art and science of managing financial and real assets The processes‚ institutions‚ markets‚ and instruments involved in the transfer of money between individuals‚ businesses‚ and governments form the foundation of the study of finance Career Opportunities in Finance There are three areas of the opportunity for finance graduates. Financial Institutions Banks‚ Insurance Companies‚ Mutual Funds‚ and Investment Banks The following skills are important: Valuation
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ASESSMENT OF CREDIT RISK IN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT THE ABSTRACT This proposal study explores financial credit risk assessment. This is an important issue because there is currently no standardized method used by financial institutions for the assessment of credit risk. There are needs for a critical evaluation of the most popular credit risk assessment methods such as the judgmental method‚ credit-scoring and portfolio models along with limitations used. Survey interview process is needed for confirming
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ROLE OF FINANCIAL REPORTS IN DECISION MAKING A CASE STUDY OF; THE MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURES DEVELOPMENT BY: MANS’S SON ADA III 2006/2007 SUPERVISOR: MR G. PETERSON A RESEARCH REPORT TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANCY ARUSHA AS A PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE AWARD OF ADVANCED DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY (ADA) CHAPTER ONE 1.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM The primary responsibility of the management is to make decision by using
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